Melih Gazi KIRPIK, Hamit TÜRKMEN, Tuğrul SAPMAZ, Fethiye YALÇIN

Silolarda Kullanılan Elevatör Kovalarının Maliyet ve Mukavemet Açısından Ashby Metodu ile Optimizasyonu

Silo sistemleri hububat depolamak için kullanılan yapılardır. Genellikle silindirik ya da dikdörtgensel şekilde olup metal, beton ya da tuğla gibi malzemelerden inşa edilirler. Silolar, taşıma, havalandırma ve tahliye gibi sistemleri içerebilmektedir. Elevatörlerdeki kovalar, çeşitli tahıl türlerini taşıyan, taşıma sistemi parçalarından biridir. Bu çalışma, kovalar için maliyet ve mukavemet açısından optimum, enjeksiyon kalıplamaya uygun malzemenin seçilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Çukurova Silo Firmasında saatte 80 Ton buğdayın taşınmasında kullanılan özel bir kova türü incelenmiştir. Tahıl taşıyan kovalara uygun malzeme seçimi için Ashby yöntemi olarak adlandırılan ileri malzeme seçme tekniği uygulanmıştır. Taşıma esnasında kovada oluşan gerilmeleri bulmak için ANSYS® Mechanical kullanılmıştır. Seçilen malzemeler özelliklerine göre kıyaslanmıştır. Kova üretimi için bazı malzemeler belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, malzemeler ANSYS® Mechanical sonuçlarına göre karşılaştırılıp özel tip kova üzerinde analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak cam elyaf katkılı PA6, optimum malzeme olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ashby Metot, Silo, Mekanik Analiz, Elevator Kovası

Application of Ashby Method for Optimization of High Strength, Low Priced Bucket for Silo Elevators

Silo systems are used to store the bulk grain. In general, they are designed with cylindrical or rectangular shape with steel, concrete, or brick materials. Silos have subsystems for operation such as transportation, aeration, and discharge. Buckets in elevators are one of the major parts of transportation system which carries various kinds of grains. This study aims to select the optimum material for buckets in terms of strength and cost which is suitable for injection molding that are used in different climates. For this purpose, in Çukurova Silo Company, a specific type of bucket which is used for the transportation of 80 Tons of wheat per hour had been analyzed. To choose the suitable materials for buckets that carry grains, advanced material selection technique, which is called as Ashby method, had been applied. ANSYS® Mechanical had been used to find out stresses during the carriage of the grain. Selected materials were ranked with respect to their properties. Some materials had been determined for the usage of production of buckets. Finally, the materials had been compared with respect to the ANSYS® Mechanical results and tested for this specific type of bucket. As results, PA6 with fiber-glass variant had been chosen as optimum material.

Keywords:

Ashby Method, Elevator Bucket, Silo, Mechanical Analysis,

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