Ayşe KAROĞLU, Furkan TÜRK, Ülkü Sultan KESKİN

3D Yazdırılabilir Betonlar için Nanoselülozik Katkı Maddelerinin Reolojik Parametreler Üzerindeki Etkisinin Karşılaştırılması

3D yazdırılabilir betonlarda pompalanabilirlik, çalışılabilirlik, inşa edilebilirlik gibi taze haldeki gereksinimler karışımın reolojik parametrelerinden etkilenmektedir. Yüksek akma gerilmesi ve yüksek viskozite, iletim hattında tıkanmalara neden olurken, düşük akma gerilmesi ve düşük viskozite ise karışımın gerekli şekil stabilitesini sağlayamamasına neden olmaktadır. Basılacak karışım uygun reolojik parametrelere sahip olsa dahi, bunu zamanla koruyabilmesi çalışılabilirlik süresi açısından oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Burada, 3D yazdırılabilir beton karışımlarda yeterli çalışılabilirlik süresini sağlamak, ayrıca başlangıçta tasarlanan reolojik özellikleri zamanla korunabilmesini sağlamak amacıyla, çimento pastası karışımlarında selüloz nano kristal ve selüloz nanolif kullanılmıştır. Çeşitli oranlarda selüloz nano kristal ve selüloz nano lif katkısı içeren karışımların reolojik parametreleri viskozimetre cihazı ile yapılan ölçümler sonucunda oluşturulan Bingham modeli ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, referans numunesinin akma gerilmesi karışımın hazırlanması anından 45 dakika sonra %290 artarken, selüloz nano kristal kullanımında bu oranın %135’e, selüloz nano lif kullanımında ise %79’a kadar düştüğü tespit edilmiştir, viskoziteye bakıldığında ise referans numunesi 45 dakikalık süre sonunda % 205 artış gösterirken bu oran selüloz nanolif ile %37’ye selüloz nanokristal ile %68’e kadar düşmüştür. Farklı katkılar kıyaslandığında ise, viskozite ve akma gerilmesinin zamanla artışının kontrol edilmesinde, selüloz nano lifin selüloz nano kristale göre daha etkili olabileceği çıkarımına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

3D Yazdırılabilir beton, Reoloji, Akma Gerilmesi, Vizkozite, Selüloz nanokristal, Selüloz nanolif

Comparison of the Effect of Nano Cellulosic Additives on Rheological Parameters for 3D Printable Concretes

In 3D printable concretes, fresh requirements such as pumpability, workability, constructability are affected by the rheological properties of the mixture. High yield stress and high viscosity cause blockages in the transmission line, while low yield stress and low viscosity cause the mixture to not provide the required shape stability. Even if the mixture to be printed has suitable rheological parameters, it is very important in terms of workability that it can be preserved over time. Here, cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibers were used in cement paste mixtures in order to ensure sufficient workability time in 3D printable concrete mixtures, and also to ensure that the originally designed rheological properties can be maintained over time. The Bingham model, which was created as a result of the measurements made with the viscometer device, was used to evaluate the rheological parameters of the mixes containing cellulose nanocrystal and cellulose nanofiber additions in varied amounts. As a result of the study, it was determined that the yield stress of the reference sample increased by 290% 45 minutes after the preparation of the mixture, while this rate decreased to 135% in the use of cellulose nanocrystals and to 79% in the use of cellulose nanofibers. While it increased by 205% at the end, this rate decreased to 37% with cellulose nanofibers and to 68% with cellulose nanocrystals. When the different additives are compared, it was concluded that cellulose nanofiber may be more effective than cellulose nanocrystal in controlling the increase in viscosity and yield stress over time.

Keywords:

3D Printable Concrete, Rheology, Yield Stress, Viscosity, Cellulose nanocrystal, Cellulose nanofiber,

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