Türk Bankacılık Sisteminde Önleyici, Kısıtlayıcı Ve Denetleyici Düzenlemelere Genel Bir Bakış

Ülke ekonomilerinin büyümesi ve gelişmesinde bankalar önemli bir paya sahiptir. Ancak bu önemin beraberinde getirdiği ülke ekonomisini tehdit edebilecek riskler bulunmaktadır. Bu riskler dikkate alındığında bankaların düzenlenmesi her ülke için önemli konulardan biri olmuştur. Basel Komitesi ve uluslararası otoriteler bankaların denetimine ilişkin standartlar ve direktifler yayınlamakta ve bu konunun önemine dikkati çekmektedir. Her ne kadar uluslararası düzenlemeler yayınlanmakta ve uygulanmasının yaygınlaşmasını sağlamaya yönelik politikalar olsa da her ülkenin kendi iç dinamiklerine yönelik mevzuata bağlı farklı uygulamalar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bankacılık düzenlemeleri önleyici, kısıtlayıcı ve denetleyici düzenlemeler olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırmaya kapsamında Türk Bankacılık sistemindeki düzenlemelere yer verilmiş, genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bankacılık düzenlemeleri, Basel Standartları, Türk Bankacılık Sistemi

An Overview of Preventive, Restrictive and Supervisory Regulations in Turkish Banking System

Banks in the growth and development of the national economy has a significant share. However, this could bring together some threatening risks to the country's economy. When these risks are taken into consideration , the regulation of banks has been one of the key issues for each country. The Basel Committee and international authorities have been introducing standards and directives relating to the supervision of banks and drawing attention to the importance of this issue. Although international regulations have been introduced and policies set to ensure widespread implementation, there are different applications depending on the laws of internal dynamics of each country.In this study, banking regulations are classified as preventive, restrictive and supervisory regulations. Regulations in Turkish Banking sector is taking place under the classification and a general assessment was made.

Keywords:

Banking regulation, Basel Standards, Turkish banking system,

PDF

___

Alparslan, M. (2000). “Bankacılık Sistemlerinde Düzenleyici Rejim ve Temel İlkeleri”. Bankacılar Dergisi, 34: 49-64.
Barth, J. R., Caprio, G. J. ve Levine, R. (2006a). Rethinking Bank Regulation Till Angels Govern. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK.
Barth, J. R., Gan, J., ve Nolle, D. E. (2009). Global Banking Regulation and Supervision: What Are The Issues and What Are The Practices?”. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
BCBS. (1988). International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards. BIS, Basel.
BCBS. (1991). Amendment of The Basle Capital Accord in Respect of The Inclusion of General Provisions/General Loan-Loss Reserves in Capital. BIS, Basel.
BCBS. (1994). Amendment to the Capital Accord of July 1988. BIS, Basel.
BCBS. (1996). Amendment to the Capital Accord to Incorporate Market Risks. BIS, Basel.
BCBS. (2010a). The Basel Committee's Response to the Financial Crisis: Report to the G20. BIS, Basel.
BCBS. (2010b). Basel III: An International Framework for Liquidity Risk Measurement, Standards and Monitoring. BIS, Basel.
BDDK. (2005). 10 Soruda Basel. BDDK, Ankara.
BDDK. (2010). Krizden İstikrara Türkiye Tecrübesi. Çalışma Tebliği, BDDK, Ankara.
Borio, C. ve Tsatsaronis, K. (2004). “Accounting and Prudential Regulation: From Uncomfortable Bedfellows to Perfect Partners?”. Journal of Financial Stability, 1 (1): 111-135.
Brunnermeier, M., Crockett, A., Goodhart, C., Hellwig, M., Persaud, A. D. ve Shin, S. (2009). “The Fundamental Principles of Financial Regulation”. ICMB-CEPR Geneva Reports on the World Economy, No: 11.
Carstens, A. G., Hardy, D. C. ve Pazarbaşıoğlu, C. (2004). “Avoiding Banking Crises in Latin America”. Finance and Development, Vol. 41: 30-41.
Cerutti, E., Dell’Ariccia, G. Ve Peria, M. S. M. (2007). “How Banks Go Abroad: Branches or Subsidiaries?”. Journal of Banking & Finance, 31 (6): 1669-1692.
Decamps, J. P., Rochet, J. C. ve Roger, B. (2004). “The Three Pillars of Basel II: Optimizing the Mix”. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 13 (2): 132-155.
Diamond, D. W. ve Rajan, R.G. (2000). "A Theory of Bank Capital". Journal of Finance, 55 (6): 2431-2465.
Greenbaum, S. I. ve Thakor, A.V. (2006). Contemporary Financial Intermediation. 2nd Edition, Elsevier Science, California.
Haocong, J. C. (2004). “Rebalancing The Three Pillars of Basel II”. Economic Policy Review, 10 (2): 7-21.
Haocong, R. (2011). “Countercyclical Financial Regulation”. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series, No: 5823.
Kashyap, A. K. ve Stein, J. C. (2004). "Cyclical Implications of the Basel II Capital Standards". Economic Perspectives-Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 28 (1): 18-33.
Laeven, L. ve Valencia, F. (2010). “Resolution of Banking Crises: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly”. IMF Working Paper, No:10/146, International Monetary Fund.
Leaven, L. ve Levine, R. (2008), “Bank Governance, Regulation and Risk Taking”. NBER Working Paper Series, No: 14113, National Bureau of Economic Research.
Rochet, J. C. (2004). “Rebalancing The Three Pillars Of Basel II.” Economic Policy Review, 10 (2): 7-21.
Saurina, J. (2009). “Dynamic Provisioning: The Experience of Spain. Crisis Response”. Public Policy for the Private Sector, Note Number 7, The World Bank.
Sharma, S., Chami, R. ve Khan, M. S. (2003). Emerging Issues in Banking Regulation. No: 03-101. International Monetary Fund.
Tanrıöven, C., Küçükkaplan, İ. ve Başçı, E.S. (2006). “Kurumsal Yönetim Açısından Sahiplik Ve Kontrol Yapısı İle Üst Düzey Yönetici Durumunun İMKB’de Faaliyet Gösteren Bankalarda İncelenmesi”. İktisat, İşletme ve Finans, 21 (241): 87-105.
Wezel, T., Chan-Lau, J. A. ve Columba, F. (2012). “Dynamic Loan Loss Provisioning: Simulations on Effectiveness and Guide to Implementation”. IMF Working Paper, No: 12/110, International Monetary Fund.