Havva YEŞİLDERE SAĞLAM, Nebahat ÖZERDOĞAN, Elif GÜRSOY, Özlem ÇAĞAN

Çalışan Kadınlarda Emzirmenin Başlatılma ve Sürdürülme Zamanıyla İlişkili Faktörler

Amaç: Bu çalışma çalışan kadınlarda emzirmenin başlatılma ve sürdürülme zamanıyla ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türde yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini bir üniversite hastanesinin çocuk polikliniği ve kadın doğum polikliniğinebaşvuran 382 anne oluşturmuştur. Veriler anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde, t testi, Oneway Anovatesti, Ki kare testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Kadınların %53.9’unun 31-40 yaş grubunda, %59.9’unun lisans-önlisans öğrenim düzeyinde ve %94.5’inin evli olduğu saptanmıştır.Kadınların %53.4’ü devlet kurumunda, %85.1’i tam zamanlı, %21.7’si vardiyalı çalışmakta ve %21.7’sinin kendine ait özel ofisibulunmaktadır. Çalışan kadınlarda ortalama emzirmenin başlatılma süresi 5.05±11.43 saat, toplam emzirme süresi 14.26±8.17 ay ve sadeceanne sütü verme süresi 5.20±2.02 ay olarak bulunmuştur. Anne yaşı ile emzirmenin sürdürülmesi ve doğum şekli ile emzirmenin başlatılmasüreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır. Kadınların öğrenim düzeyi, eş desteği, ücretli izin durumu, çalışmaarkadaşlarının desteği ve emzirme tecrübesi ile çalışmaya başladıktan sonra emzirmeyi sürdürmeleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı birilişki saptanmıştır. İşyerlerine ilişkin koşullar (emzirme odası, süt sağma pompası, süt saklama dolabı, kreş bulunması, ücretli doğum izni,daha hafif iş ve esnek çalışma imkânı, emzirme molası, yönetici desteği ve emzirme molasında destek kişi varlığı) ile emzirmeninbaşlatılması, emzirmenin sürdürülmesi ve sadece anne sütü verme süresi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada işyeri koşullarının kadınların emzirmeyi sürdürmelerinde büyük oranda destekleyici olmadığı saptanmıştır. Ancakemzirmenin sürdürülmesinin öğrenim düzeyi, emzirme tecrübesi, eş ve iş yerindeki arkadaş desteği, ücretli izin kullanımıyla ilişkili olduğugörülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

çalışan kadınlar, emzirme, işyeri desteği

Factors Related to the Initation and Continuation Time of Women Working

Objective: This study was carried out with the aim of determining the factors related to the initiation and continuation time ofbreastfeeding in working women.Method: The sample of the descriptive study consisted of 382 mothers who applied to the pediatric clinic and obstetrics clinic of auniversity hospital. The data were collected by the questionnaire form. Frequency, percentage, t test, Oneway Anova test, Chi square testwere used in the analysis of the data.Results: It was determined that 53.9% of women were in the 31-40 age group, 59.9% were at the undergraduate and associate's level ofeducation and 94.5% were married. 53.4% of women work in state institutions, 85.1% work full time, 21.7% work shifts and 21.7% haveprivate offices. The average duration of breastfeeding in working women was 5.05±11.43 hours, total breastfeeding time was 14.26±8.17months and exclusive breastfeeding time was 5.20±2.02 months. A statistically significant difference was found between the age of themother and the continuation of breastfeeding, delivery mode and initiation of breastfeeding. A statistically significant relationship wasfound between the education level of women, spouse support in breastfeeding, paid leave status, support of friends and breastfeedingexperience and continuation of breastfeeding after starting work. No statistically significant relationship was found between conditionsrelated to workplaces (breastfeeding room, milking pump, milk storage cabinet, nursery, paid maternity leave, lighter work and flexibleworking opportunity, breastfeeding break, executive support and presence of a support person during breastfeeding break) and theinitiation of breastfeeding, continuation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that the workplace conditions were not supportive to a large extent for women continuationof breastfeeding. However, it has been observed that continuation of breastfeeding is related to education level, breastfeeding experience,spouse support and friend support at work, and the use of paid leave.

Keywords:

Working women, breastfeeding, workplace support,

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