Piyasadan Temin Edilen Bazı Çemen Tohumu Örneklerinin Avrupa Farmakopesi Ölçütleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Giriş: Çemen (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) tohumu baharat ve gıda olarak tüketilmektedir. Ayrıca Avrupa Farmakopesi (9,6) ve Türk Farmakopesi’nde (2017) de yer alan önemli droglardan biridir. Ancak ülkemizde farmakope standartlarına uygun çemen tohumu bulmak pek mümkün değildir. Dolayısıyla droğu tıbbi amaçla kullanmak isteyenler çoğunlukla aktardan temin etmektedir. Aktardan alınan çemen tohumlarının farmakope standartlarında olması beklenmemekle birlikte, bu konuda herhangi bir araştırmaya da rastlanılmamıştır. Bu nedenle Türkiye’deki 12 farklı aktardan çemen tohumu temin edilmiş ve farmakope uygunluğunun araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Analizlerde Avrupa Farmakopesi (9.6) içerisindeki “Çemen Tohumu (Trigonella foenugraeci semen)” monografı referans alınmıştır. Çemen tohumu monografında yer alan tüm analizler mongrafta tarif edildiği gibi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Mikroskobik analiz, ince tabaka kromatografisi, kurutmada kayıp, toplam kül miktarı deney sonuçları farmakopeye uygun bulunup, morfolojik analiz sonuçlarının bir kısmı ve şişme indisinin uygun olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: 12 farklı aktardan temin edilen çemen tohumu örnekleri üzerinde yapılan analizlerin sonucuna göre, örneklerin Avrupa Farmakopesi (9,6) açısından uygun olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu örneklerin fitoterapötik amaçlarla kullanılması doğru olmayacaktır. Çalışılan örnek sayısı geneli temsil etmemekle birlikte, aktarlarda satılan droglar hakkında bir fikir edinilmesi açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çemen tohumu, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Farmakope, Fabaceae

Evaluation of Some Fenugreek Seed Samples Obtained from the Market in Terms of European Pharmacopoeia Criteria

Introduction: Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds are consumed as spices and food. In addition, it is one of the important drogs in the European Pharmacopoeia (9.6) and the Turkish Pharmacopoeia (2017). However, it is not possible to find fenugreek seeds in our country that comply with pharmacopoeia standards. For this reason, those who want to use the fenugreek seed for medicinal purposes mostly obtain it from herbalist. Although fenugreek seeds obtained from herbalist are not expected to be in pharmacopoeia standards, no research has been encountered on this subject. Therefore, fenugreek seeds were obtained from 12 different herbalists in Turkey and it was aimed to investigate their suitability for pharmacopeia.Methods: In the analyzes, the "Fenugreek Seed (Trigonella foenugraeci semen)" monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia (9.6) was taken as reference. All analyzes in fenugreek seed monograph were done as described in the monograph.Results: Microscopic analyses, thin layer chromatography, loss of drying, total ash amount were found suitable for pharmacopoeia, some of the morphological analysis results and swelling index was not appropriate.Conclusion: According to the results of the analysis on fenugreek seed samples obtained from 12 different herbalists, it was determined that the samples were not suitable for the European Pharmacopoeia (9,6). Therefore, it will not be appropriate to use these samples for phytotherapeutic purposes. Although the number of samples studied does not represent the general, it is important in terms of forming an idea about drugs that are sold in herbalist.

Keywords:

Fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Fabaceae, Pharmacopeia analysis,

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