Sosyal sermaye perspektifinden kırsal kalkınma sorunsalına yeniden bakış

“Kırsal kalkınma” konusu son yirmi yıldır gündemde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler, Dünya Bankası, Avrupa Birliği gibi uluslarası kuruluşların yanısıra pek çok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke yönetimi kırsal kalkınma olgusuna daha fazla kaynak ve zaman ayırmak durumunda kalırken, iktisat, politika ve coğrafya literatü- rü de teorik tartışmaların temelini oluşturmuştur. Bu süreçte kır- sal yoksulluk, dengesiz gelişmeye bağlı olarak kente göç hareketle- ri, toprak ve su kirlenmeleri, tarımsal girdi ve üretim sorunları, bir- çok toplumun öncelikli problemlerinin arasında yer alırken; küresel çözüm arayışları da gündeme gelmiştir. Türkiye’nin de gündemin- de önemli yer tutan kırsal kalkınma sorunsalı bu makalede farklı bir perspektifte ele alınmaktadır. Söz konusu küresel çözümlerin orta- ya koyduğu kırsal kalkınma politikalarını, kırsal alanların özgün sos- yal yapısı ile ilişkileri bağlamında değerlendirmek makalenin amacı- nı oluşturmaktadır. Buna göre, makale kapsamında kırsal kalkınma alanında yaşanan paradigma değişimi açıklanarak, sosyal sermaye- nin kırsal kalkınma açısından rolüne değinilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kırsal kalkınma, Türkiye

Re-evaluation of rural development problematic in the context of social capital

The matter of “rural development” has been an important is- sue for approximately 20 years. International organizations like the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union, as well as many developed and developing countries are devoting increasing time and resources to the rural devel- opment issue. Studies in economics, politics and geography, on the other hand, lay out the theoretical framework in this matter. Rural poverty, migration to urban areas, pollution of water and agricultural land, problems of agricultural produc- tion, and introducing global solutions to these problems have become primary issues on the agendas of many countries. The aim of the paper is to discuss the rural development policies with built-in global solutions in a new perspective, in the con- text of local social structure and relations. Accordingly, the pa- per addresses the change in the rural development paradigm and the role of social capital in rural development.

Keywords:

rural development, Turkey,

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