Çocuklar İçin Kamusal Mekânda Sosyal Adalet: Kadıköy–Sultanbeyli Örneğinde Kamusal Açık ve Yeşil Alanların İncelenmesi

Sürdürülebilirliğin üç sac ayağı ekonomik, sosyal ve ekolojik sürdürülebilirliktir. Bu ayaklardan sosyal yönden sürdürülebilirliğin temeli, bir toplumda kaynakların eşit dağıtılması, eşit hak ve sorumluluklar yüklenmesi ve tüm bireylerin kaynaklardan eşit olarak yararlanmasını öngörülebilmesidir. Bu açıdan kentsel alanlarda çocuklar için sosyal adaleti sağlamanın temeli de farklı kentsel mekânların dağılımının adaletli olarak planlanması ve farklı kesimlerden çocukların her türlü mekâna eşit olanaklarda erişebilmesidir. Bu kapsamda İstanbul’un gelişmişlik seviyesi birbirinden farklı olan Kadıköy ve Sultanbeyli ilçelerinde toplam 12 okuldan, farklı yaş gruplarında 768 öğrenci ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca dijital haritalama teknikleri ile bölgelerde bulunana parkların alan büyüklükleri hesaplanmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Bütün bunlara ek olarak iki ilçede bulunan ve çocukların ziyaret ettiklerini söyledikleri parklar nitelik olarak da karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular göstermektedir ki düşük sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlikteki bölgelerde tasarlanmış alanların mekânsal dağılımında ve bu mekanların erişilebilirliklerinde çocuklar için sosyal adalet ilkelerine aykırılıklar var iken, yüksek gelişmişlikteki bölgelerde kamusal açık alanların daha adaletli mekânsal dağılım gösterdiği ve dolayısı ile erişilebilirliğinin yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.

Social Justice for Children in Public Space: Investigating Public Open and Green Spaces in Kadıköy and Sultanbeyli Cases

The trivet of sustainability is economic, ecologic and social aspects. The foundations of social sustainability are equal share of resources, providing people equal responsibilities and rights. From this angle, providing the foundations of social sustainability in urban areas for children is planning fair spatial distribution of different urban spaces and providing equal access for different space to children from different socio-economic backgrounds. Within this context survey questionnaires were undertaken with 768 pupils from diverse age groups in 12 primary and secondary schools in Kadıköy and Sultanbeyli districts of Istanbul, where socioeconomic development levels are considerably different. In addition, using digital mapping techniques and GIS, field size of those designed parks were calculated and compared in both districts. Moreover, park in both districts, which were reported by children in surveys, were also compared by their spatial qualities. Emerging results show that spatial distribution and field sizes of those parks in low socio economic statu areas were not fair according to social justice principles and children’s accessibility to those areas were lower; whereas, in high socio economic statue areas more fair spatial distribution of designed parks and higher levels of accessibility to those areas were identified.

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İnternet Kaynakları
http://www.kadikoy.bel.tr/Kadikoy/Gecmiste-Kadikoy [Erişim tarihi 09 Nisan 2019].