Türkiye’de nohutta solgunluğa neden olan Fusarium spp.’nin moleküler tanımlaması ve Fusarium redolens’in ilk raporu

Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) önemli bir yemeklik baklagil türüdür ve Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris tarafından neden olunan Fusarium solgunluğu Türkiye’de en önemli nohut hastalıklarından biridir. Fusarium redolens’in bazı ülkelerde nohutta solgunluk benzeri hastalığa neden olduğu bilinmektedir, ancak Türkiye’den rapor edilmemiştir. Patojen tür ve ırklarının doğru tanımlanması, hastalık yönetimi için dayanıklı çeşit geliştirme ve kullanımında önemlidir. Nohutta solgunluğa neden olan kırkbeş Fusarium spp. izolatı 2007’den 2009’a kadar Türkiye’deki 10 ilden elde edilmiştir. Bu izolatların tür seviyesinde tanımlamaları F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris ve F. redolens için spesifik PCR primerleri ve Translation Elongation Factor 1-α (Ef-1α) gen bölgesinin sekanslanması ile yapılmıştır. İzolat koleksiyonunda, tür spesifik primerlerle yapılan PCR’a göre, sekiz izolat F. redolens ve onbir izolat F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris olarak tanımlanmıştır. Onbir F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris izolatının yedisi ırk-spesifik primerlerle yapılan PCR’a göre ırk 0 olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca, F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris ırk-spesifik ve F. redolens tür-spesifik primerlerle ürün vermeyen izolatların tanımlamalarında Ef-1α bölgesinin sekans verisi kullanılmıştır. Bu, Türkiye’de nohutta solgunluğa neden olan F. redolens’in ilk raporudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Nohut, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium redolens, Irk-spesifik primerler, Tür-spesifik primerler

Molecular identification of Fusarium spp. causing wilt of chickpea and the first report of Fusarium redolens in Turkey

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume crop and Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is one of the most important diseases of chickpea in Turkey. Fusarium redolens is known to cause wilt-like disease of chickpea in other countries, but has not been reported from Turkey. Accurate identification of pathogen species and races is important for managing the disease in developing and deploying resistant cultivars. Forty five Fusarium spp. isolates caused wilt of chickpea were obtained from 10 provinces in Turkey from 2007 to 2009. Species level identification of these isolates was done using PCR primers specific for F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and F. redolens along with sequencing of the Translation Elongation Factor 1-α (Ef-1α) gene region. Among the isolate collection, eight isolates were identified as F. redolens, and eleven isolates as F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, based on PCR with species-specific primers. Seven of the eleven F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris isolates were further identified as race 0, based on PCR with race-specific primers. Moreover, sequence data of Ef-1α region were used to identify any isolate that did not give amplification with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race specific primers and F. redolens specific primers. This is the first report of F. redolens causing chickpea wilt in Turkey.

Keywords:

Chickpea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium redolens, Race-specific primers, Species-specific primers,

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