Semra ERPEK, Mehmet Dincer BİLGİN, Füruzan KAÇAR DOGER

ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN (50HZ, 6mT) SIÇAN KARACİĞER VE BÖBREĞİNE ETKİLERİ

Amaç:Modern teknolojinin giderek ilerlemesinin bir sonucu olarak, bir çok endüstriyel ve evsel elektriklialetlerin kullanımı ile birlikte, insanlar bunlardan kaynaklanan manyetik alanlara daha fazla maruz kalmaktadır.Son yıllarda elektromanyetik alan (EMA) oluşturan aletlerin etkileri bir çok deneysel çalışmaya konu olmuş vefarklı sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada elektromanyetik alana maruz kalan sıçanlarda karaciğer ve böbrekdokusunun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem:Bu çalışmada ortalama 290 gram ağırlığında 20 adet erişkin erkek Wistar albino sıçankullanıldı. Deney hayvanları, her birinde 10'ar sıçan bulunacak şekilde “deney grubu ve kontrol grubu” olmaküzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Deney grubu günde 2 saat, haftada 7 gün olmak üzere 8 hafta süreyle 6 militesla (mT) (50Hz, alternatif akım) EMA'a maruz bırakıldı. Deney sırasında sıçanların bulunduğu ortamın sıcaklığı termometreile, manyetik alan ise Teslametre (Phyme) ile sürekli kontrol edildi. deney başlangıcında ve deney sonundahayvanların canlı ağırlıkları kaydedildi. Deney sonunda ötenazi uygulanan sıçanlardan doku örnekleri alındı.Formalin solusyonunda tespit edilen karaciğer ve böbrek doku örnekleri rutin histolojik doku takibinden sonraparafine gömüldü. Parafin bloklardan alınan 5µ kalınlığındaki kesitler Hematoksilen-Eosin, PeriodikAsit Schiffve Masson trikrom ile boyandı. Işık mikroskobunda histopatolojik olarak değerlendirilen kesitler dejenerasyon,fokal nekroz, fibrozis gibi histolojik bulgular yönünden semikantitatif olarak skorlandı. Elde edilen tüm sayısalveriler Mann-Whitney U testi ile istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular:Deney hayvanlarının deney süresindeki ağırlık artışı yüzdeleri ile karaciğer ve böbrek ağırlıklarıaçısından deney ve kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel bir farklılık saptanmadı. Deney ve kontrol gruplarınıntoplam histolojik skorları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı belirlendi.Sonuç:Elde edilen bulgular, uzun süre 6 mT (50 Hz, alternatif akım) manyetik alana maruz kalan sıçanlarınkaraciğer ve böbrek dokusunda histolojik bir değişikliğe neden olmadığını göstermiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Elektromanyetik alan, karaciğer, böbrek, histoloji

The Effect of Electromagnetic Field (50 HZ, 6mT) on Rat Liver and Kidney

Objectives: In the last few decades, various investigations have been performed in order to determine the possible biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated by power lines and telecommunication technologies. The long-term exposure toEMFmay have been linked to various disorders and may affect different organs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 millitesla (mT)AC (alternate current) EMF on the rat liver and kidney. Methods: Twenty adult maleWistar rats were divided into 2 groups; one group was exposed to 50 Hz, 6 mTAC electromagnetic field for 8 weeks, 2 hours per day, and the other sham exposed, meaning that all other experimental conditions were the same except for EMF exposure. After 8 weeks, all subjects were sacrificed, livers and kidneys were removed and weighed. For histopathological examination, samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and then cut and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, PAS and Masson's trichrome. The histological samples were evaluated using the semi-quantitative scoring. Mann Whitney U test was applied for statistical analysis. Results: For each animal the difference in body weight was calculated from the weight at the beginning of the experiment (day 0) and the weight at termination (day 56). The body weight gain of exposed group was less than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. The absolute and relative liver and kidney weights did not show any significant difference between the EMF exposed and sham exposed rats. Microscopic examination of liver and kidney samples revealed no significant differences between the EMF exposed and sham exposed rats. Conclusion: Present results show that whole body exposure to 50 Hz, 6 mT AC EMF doesn't cause gross and histological lesions on rat liver and kidney attributed to magnetic field exposure.

Keywords:

Electromagnetic field, liver, kidney, histology,

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