Hülya ARSLANTAS, Filiz ERGIN, Nevin AKDOLUN BALKAYA

AYDIN İL MERKEZİNDE DOĞUM SONRASI DEPRESYON SIKLIĞI VE İLİŞKİLİ RİSK ETMENLERİ

AMAÇ:Bu çalışmanın amacı, Aydın İl Merkezinde doğum sonrası depresyon görülme durumunu ve ilişkili risketmenlerini incelemektir.GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM:Aydın il merkezinde 6-8 haftalık bebeği olan annelerde yapılmış kesitsel tipte birçalışmadır. Çalışma grubunun seçiminde çok aşamalı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. 248 kadına yüz yüzeanket uygulanmıştır. Doğum sonrası depresyon görülme durumunun belirlenmesinde Edinburg DoğumSonrası Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca sosyal destek ihtiyacı ve genel sağlık durumlarını belirlemekamacıyla aile ve arkadaş sosyal destek ölçeği ve genel sağlık anketi uygulanmıştır.BULGULAR:Kadınların son gebeliklerinde doğum sonrası depresyon görülme sıklığı %12,5 olarak tespitedilmiştir. Tek değişkenli analizlerde kadının yaşam şeklinin, aile içinde stres, evliliğinde sorun yaşamasının,eşinden şiddet görmesinin, gebeliğin istenmemesinin, gebelik öncesi ruhsal sorunlar yaşamasının, eşinin veyakendi ailesi ile kötü ilişkilerinin olmasının, aile veya arkadaş ilişkilerinin kötü olmasının doğum sonrasıdepresyon görülme durumunu etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. İleri analizlerde doğum sonrası dönemde depresyongörülme durumunu evde anne-baba veya kardeşlerle yaşamanın 3,533 kat (%95 GA'da 1,269-9,838), aile içindestres yaratan olaylar olmasının 2,674 kat (%95 GA'da 1,037-6,896), gebelik öncesi dönemde ruhsalproblemlerinin olmasının 9,867 kat (%95 GA'da 2,043-47,644), kendi ailesi ile ilişkilerinin kötü veya ortadüzeyde olmasının 4,650 kat (%95GA'da 1,473-14,679) etkilediği tespit edilmiştirSONUÇ:Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde diğer sağlık sorunlarına daha fazla önem verildiğinden doğum sonrasıdepresyon ihmal edilmektedir. Bunun için birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilengebe takibi ve doğum sonrası izlemlerin ebeler tarafından evlerde verildiği Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olanülkelerde Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği gibi basit tarama araçlarını kullanarak, doğum sonrasıdepresyon riski altında olan kadınların tanımlanması son derece önemlidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğum sonrası depresyon, depresif bozukluk, kadın sağlığı

Postpartum Depression Prevalence and Related Risk Factors in Aydin Province

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalance and risk factors of postpartum depression in Aydin Province. MATERIALS and METHODS: Across-sectional design was used to study a group of women with six to eight weeks old babies, in Aydin city center. Multistage sampling method was used in the selection of the study group. Questionnaire forms were administered to 248 women by face to face interview technique. Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale was used for the assessment of postpartum depression. Also family and friend social support scale were used. General health questionnaire was used in order to assess general health status and social support need of women. RESULTS: Postpartum depression prevalance of last pregnancy period of women was 12,5 %. In univariate analysis, living arrangements, stresfull life events within family environment, marrital problems, violence from husband, unintended pregnancy, psychologic problems before pregnancy, bad relationships with her or husband's family, bad relationships with her family or friends were significant risk factors for postpartum depression (p<0,05). In the final model of multivariate analyses, factors those effect postpartum depression were: living with mothers-fathers-sisters or brothers 3.533 (95% CI 1.269-9.838), stressfull events in family 2.674 (95% CI 1.037- 6.896), psychologic problems before pregnancy 9.867 (95% CI 2.043-47.644) and bad relationships with her own family 4.650 (95% CI 1.473-14.679). CONCLUSION: Postpartum depression is mostly neglected in developing countries in which other health problems are considered to be more important. Therefore, it is essential to identify women under the risk of postpartum depression using simple screening tools like Edinbug Postpartum Depression Scale where antenatal and postpartum follow-up visits are made by midwives.

Keywords:

Postpartum depression, depressive disorder, women's health,

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