Uğur Erdem DOKUZ, Berihu Abadi BERHE, Mehmet ÇELİK

KÜTAHYA OVASI'NDAKİ YÜZEY VE YER ALTI SULARININ SULAMA SUYU KALİTESİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ, TÜRKİYE

Kütahya Ovası içme, tarımsal ve endüstriyel su temininin yoğun olarak yer altı sularına bağlıolduğu Türkiye ovalarından biridir. Yerel halk genellikle sığ alüvyon akifer sularını ve kısmende Felent ve Porsuk çaylarının sularını kullanmaktadır. Yüzey ve yer altı suyu kalitesinindeğerlendirilmesi, bu suların içme, sulama ve endüstriyel amaçlarla sürdürülebilir şekildekullanılabilmesini sağlamak bakımından son derece önemlidir. Kütahya Ovasının su kalitesinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için yüzey ve yer altı suyunun kimyasal özellikleri detaylıolarak çalışılmıştır. Ovanın içinden ve civarından toplam 21 yer altı suyu ve 6 yüzey suyunumunesi toplanmıştır. Çoğu su örneği için iyonların göreli bollukları (meq/l); katyonlar içinCa+2>Mg+2 >(Na++K+), anyonlar için ise HCO3- >SO4-2 >Cl- şeklindedir. Bölgede yüzey ve yeraltı suyunun ana iyon kimyasına bağlı olarak 5 hidrokimyasal fasiyes belirlenmiştir. Bununlabirlikte çalışma alanındaki baskın su tipi Aralık 2013 ve Haziran 2014 dönemlerinde Ca-Mg/ Mg-Ca-HCO3dır. İki örnekleme dönemi boyunca hidrokimyasal fasiyesi değiştirecek düzeyde bir değişim saptanmamıştır. Sodyum Adsorbsiyon Oranı (SAR), Kalıntı Sodyum Karbonat(RSC), Sodyum yüzdesi (%Na), Permeabilite İndeksi (PI), Kelley İndeksi (KI), MagnezyumOranı (MR) ve Potansiyel Tuzluluk (PS) gibi kimyasal indeksler ve toplam sertlik (TH) hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, su örneklerinin SAR, RSC ve KI değerlerine göre %100ü, % Na değerlerine göre %92,6sı, PI ve PS değerlerine göre %85,2si ve MR değerlerine göre %70,4sisulamada kullanım için uygun bulunmuştur. Özetle, Kütahya Ovasındaki yüzey ve yer altısularının kalitesinin genel olarak sulama için uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir.

IN VESTIGATION OF IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER IN THE K ÜTAHYA PLAIN, TURKE Y

The Kütahya plain is one of the plains in Kütahya/Turkey, where drinking, agricultural andindustrial water supplies are highly dependent on groundwater resources. The local populati- on largely depends on water from alluvial shallow aquifer waters and some on the Felent andPorsuk rivers. Appraisal of surface and groundwater quality is extremely important to makesure the sustainable use of it for drinking, agricultural, and industrial purposes. The chemicalquality of surface and groundwater of Kütahya plain has been studied in detail in order tohave better understanding of potential water quality. A total of 21 groundwater samples and6 surface water samples were collected in and around the plain. The relative abundance ofmajor ions (meq/l) for most of the water samples were Ca2+ >Mg2+ >(Na++K+) for cations andHCO3- >SO42- >Cl- for anions. Five hydrochemical facies have been identified based on themajor ion chemistry of the surface and groundwater of this area. However, based on hydroche- mical facies, the type of water that predominates in the study area is Ca-Mg/Mg-Ca-HCO3 typein both December 2013 and June 2014. There is no significant change in the hydrochemicalfacies noticed during the two sampling periods. The chemical Index such as Sodium Absorpti- on Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Sodium Percentage (%Na), PermeabilityIndex (PI), Kelley Index (KI), Magnesium Ratio (MR), Potential Salinity (PS) and Total Hard- ness (TH) were calculated. The results indicated that SAR, RSC and KI values revealed 100%,%Na value revealed 92.6%, PI and PS values revealed 85.2% and MR value revealed 66.7% ofwater samples are within the safe limit suitable for irrigation. To sum up, the quality of surfaceand groundwater of Kütahya plain in general was suitable for irrigation.

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