QUENTIN SKINNER'İN BAĞLAMCI TARİH ANLAYIŞI

Quentin Skinner, 1969 yılında yazdığı "Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas" başlıklı bir makale ile daha sonra 1980lerde geniş bir literatür oluşturacak bir tartışma başlatmıştır. İddiaları gerektirdiği sonuca taşınırsa, tarih ile felsefenin içiçe geçmesini ve bir yerde tarihsel bir felsefi metnin incelemesinin tarihsel metoda mahkum olmasını kaçınılmaz kılan bu düşüncenin, analitik felsefenin araştırma biçimi yanında yorum teorileri ve felsefe tarihi yazımlarını da eleştiren boyutu da ne kadar geniş bir kapsamı olduğunu göstermektedir. Skinner'in metodunun önemi bununla da sınırlı değildir. Bir taraftan felsefenin metodunu tarihselleştiren Skinner'in metodu ise özünde felsefidir ve Searle-Wittgenstein etkisinde söz-eylemi kavramına dayanmaktadır. Bu makale, kapsamlı düşüncesi ile Skinner'in metoduna kuş bakışı bakmayı ve felsefe çalışmaları açısından bu metodu benimsemenin ne kadar verimli olacağı sorusunu sormayı hedeflemektedir.

QUENTIN SKINNER'S CONTEXTUALIST UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORY

Quentin Skinner's 1969 article "Meaning and Understanding in History ofIdeas" triggered a number of methodological discussions that already took shapeof a large literature by 1980's. In this contextualist manifesto, philosophical textappear to melt in historical methodology and if the claims are taken on to theirultimate implications, then a philosophical text in history is to be interpreted butwith a historical method. His texts engage with analytical way of philosophizingas well as the continental hermeneutical methods and theories on historiographies of philosophy. This proves the comprehensive nature of his method. Incontrast with his historicizing the philosophy, his method is philosophical innature: his main claim is built on the notion of speech-act developed by theSearle-Wittgenstein line. This research aims to discuss Skinner's method in itscomprehensive nature with a bird-eye view and to question the efficiency of thismethod if ever applied on the studies of philosophy.

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