Metafizik Sorunu

Metaphysics is the research on the ultimate boundaries of being and existence (ontology); and mind's representation of them (gnoseology); and the place, stance, meaning and function of the human being in the world (anthropology and ethics). Metaphysics is the philosophy-science system's core. Any systematic, and along with that, theoretical construction obtains its intellectual and methodological tools and directions from metaphysics. Metaphysics itself is intellectualy the most broad and abstract system. Metaphysics is an overloaded and complicated designation. It is usually confused with religion. As a determinative construction it means 'stepping beyond' ('meta' in Greek) the 'natural' ('physikos'). In the general sense of the designation 'human' and everything connected to it find themselves already in the realm of metaphysics. However, in its restricted sense it finds itself within philosophy's framework. While philosophy-science's 'science' section abuts onto the phenomenal world," 'metaphysics' borders the spiritual-divine realm.*** Both are indispensable in building up a fully-fledged philosophy-science system. In contradistinction to the living being 'man' ('homo' in Latin), the culture-engendering' 'human' ('humanus') is a supra-biophysical entity. Hence refusing to reduce the 'human' to the level of 'man', we have abandoned the secular Western European philosophy-science's well-trodden track, brought to us from the late Fifteenth century onwards.