Overexpression of cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 gene in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in the cotton fields of the Çukurova Region, Turkey

In Cukurova region, neonicotinoid group insecticides are widely usedin cotton cultivation areas for controlling B. tabaci; as a result of thisuse, there is a problem of resistance in these areas. In this study,cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 relative expression levels, which are theindicators of imidacloprid resistance, were analyzed. Five different B.tabaci populations were collected from Adana city cotton cultivationareas in 2018 and the indicators were observed. On the other hand,GST gene relative expression profile, which is an efficient factor inmetabolic resistance, cytochrome P450, carboxylesterase (AcHE) andGlutathion S transferase (GST) enzyme activities were determined.The highest cyp6cm1 and GST genes relative activities weredetermined in Meletmez population; the activity level was 18, 2 and 9times higher than susceptible population. On the other hand, thehighest and lowest cytochrome P450 enzyme activity was observed inMeletmez and Solaklı populations, respectively. According to theanalyses, it can be concluded that there is extensive imidacloprid andneonicotinoid resistance of B. tabaci populations in Çukurova Regioncotton cultivation areas. As a result, excessive gene expression andhigh-level enzyme activities indicate that there is a resistance in thestudied area based on enforced monooxygenases activity.

Çukurova bölgesi pamuk alanlarında Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)’de aşırı düzeyde sitokrom P450 CYP6CM1 gen ekspresyonu

Çukurova bölgesi polikültür tarımın yapıldığı bir bölgedir. Bu bölgede pamuk ekim alanlarında B. tabaci mücadelesinde neonikotinoid grubu insektisitler yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmakta olup, direnç problemi ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Çalışmada 2018 yılı, Adana ili pamuk alanlarından toplanmış beş farklı B. tabaci popülasyonunda imidacloprid dayanıklılığı göstergesi olan sitokrom P450 CYP6CM1 geni relatif expresyon düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca metabolik dayanıklılıkda etkili GST geni relatif expresyon profili, sitokrom P450, karboksil esteraz(AcHE) ve Glutathion S transferaz (GST) enzim etkinlikleri belirlenmiştir. En yüksek relatif aktivite Meletmez populasyonunda CYP6CM1 geni 18.2 kat ve Gst geni 9 kat daha fazla gen regülasyonu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca en yüksek ve en düşük sitokrom P450 enzim aktivitesi meletmez ve solaklı popülasyonlarında gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde Çukurova bölgesi pamuk alanlarında B. tabaci popülasyonlarında yaygın imidacloprid ve neonikotinoid dayanıklılığı durumundan bahsedilebilir. Sonuç olarak, aşırı gen expresyonu ve yüksek düzeydeki enzim etkinlikleri, bölgede güçlendirilmiş monooksigenaz etkinliğine dayanan direncin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır.

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