Diyarbakır İlinde Yetişen Badem Ağaçlarından Endofit ve Epifit Bakteri Türlerinin İzolasyonu ve Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Mekanizmalarının Karakterizasyonu

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlıklı badem ağaçlarından izole edilen bitkigelişimini teşvik eden endofit ve epifit bakteri (PGPB) türlerintanılanması ve bitki gelişimini teşvik eden mekanizmalarınınbelirlemektir. MALDI-TOF tanılama analizleri sonucu, 19 izolatGram-negatif Serratia, Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum ve Enterobacter,26 izolat ise Gram-pozitif Bacillus ve Arthrobacter cinsine dahil türlerolarak teşhis edilmiştir. Test edilen izolatlardan, 46 izolat siderofor,45 izolat amonyak üretiminde pozitif, 35 izolat ise fosforu değişenoranlarda çözebilme yeteneğinde olurken, bakterilerin tamamı 5.48-127.81 µg/ml konsantrasyon aralığında IAA üretmişlerdir.Pseudomonas spp and Enterobacter cloacae izolatları siderofor,Serratia marcescens izolatları fosforu çözme, Enterobacter cloacaeizolatları IAA üretme, Bacillus spp ise amonyak üretme etkinliğininyüksek düzeylerde olduğu görülmüştür. Aynı türe bağlı endofitbakteri izolatları epifit bakteri izolatlarına kıyasla bu mekanizmalarıdaha düşük düzeyde teşvik ettiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlaryüksek düzeyde siderofor, amonyak, IAA üretimi ile fosfor çözme gibibitki gelişimini teşvik edici özellikleri sahip PGPB izolatlarınınekonomik öneme sahip kültür bitkilerin yetiştiriciliğinde biyolojikgübre olarak kullanılmada potansiyeline sahip olduğunugöstermiştir.

Prevalence and Characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Mechanisms of Endophytic and Epiphytic Bacterial Species Isolated from Almond Trees Growing in Diyarbakır Province of Turkey

The aims of this study were to identify endophytic and epiphytic plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) from healthy almond trees and to characterize plant growth promoting mechanisms. By using MALDITOF analyses, 19 Gram-negative isolates, belonging to Serratia, Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum and Enterobacter genus and 26 Grampositive isolates, belonging to Bacillus and Arthrobacter genus were identified. Among the tested bacterial isolates, 46 isolates were positive for siderophore production, 45 isolates for ammonium production, 35 isolates solubilized phosphorus varying ratios, and all isolates produced IAA between 5.48-127.81 µg/ml concentrations. Isolates of Pseudomonas spp and Enterobacter cloacae were found highly effective for siderophore production, S. marcescens for solubilisation of phosphorus, E. cloacae for IAA production, Bacillus spp for ammonia production. Bacterial isolates tested showed significant differences in siderophore, ammonia and IAA production and phosphorus solubilisation efficiency. It was found that the efficacies of endophytic bacterial isolates were lower compared to the same species of epiphytic bacterial isolates. Overall results suggest that use of the most efficient PGPB isolates have an excellent potential to be used as biofertilizer for cultivation of economically important crops.

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