Damla GÜVERCİN, Yaşar KARAKURT, Sercan ÖNDER, Özgür İŞLER

Hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) Genotiplerinde Genetik Çeşitliliğin Morfolojik Karakterler ve AFLP Analizi Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı hıyar genotiplerinin morfolojik ve moleküler çeşitliliğini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla, altı adet morfolojik özellik (bitki morfolojisi, bitki boyu, yaprak ayası büyüklüğü, meyve uzunluğu, meyve çapı ve meyve sapı uzunluğu) ve sekiz AFLP markeri kullanılarak 18 hıyar hattı genetik çeşitlilik açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Kullanılan AFLP primer kombinasyonları polimorfizm göstermiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 1975 AFLP fragmanı elde edilmiş ve 1468 fragmanın polimorfik olduğu görülmüştür (%75.34). Dendrogramlar, aritmetik ortalamalar kullanılarak UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method) yöntemiyle çizilmiş ve UPGMA dendrogramına göre hıyar genotipleri iki ana gruba ayrılmıştır. Dendrogramın genetik mesafeleri 0.92 ile 0.96 arasında değişmiştir. Morfolojik verilere dayanan küme analizinde ise UPGMA dendrogramı tüm hatları üç ana kümeye ayırmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan hıyar hatlarının benzerlik katsayısının 0.888 ile 0.982 arasında değişen düşük bir genetik varyasyon seviyesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. 8 çift AFLP primeri ile oluşturulan filogenetik dendogramlarla, morfolojik taksonomi ile yapılan UPGMA kümeleme analizleriyle oluşturulan dendogramlar örtüşmektedir.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Genotypes Using Morphological Characters and AFLP Analysis

For this purpose, 18 cucumber lines were evaluated for their geneticdiversity using six morphological characterizations (plantmorphology, plant length, length of leaf blade, fruit length, fruitdiameter and fruit stem length) and eight AFLP markers. TheseAFLP primer combinations amplified well and also showedpolymorphism. Thus, 1975 AFLP fragments were obtained and 1468fragments were polymorphic (75.34%). Dendrograms were drawnusing UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method) arithmeticalaverages and according to the UPGMA dendrogram, the cucumberaccessions clustered into two main groups. The genetic distances ofthe dendrogram varied between 0.92 and 0.96. Cluster analysis basedon morphological data discriminated all lines into three major clustersin UPGMA dendrogram. The similarity coefficient ranged between0.888 and 0.982 indicating that the cucumber lines used in the studyhave a low level of genetic variation. Results obtained from thephylogenetic dendrogram by 8 pairs of AFLP primers were consistentwith those from the UPGMA clustering analysis, which were inaccording with the morphological taxonomy on cucumber.

PDF

___

Aybak HÇ, Kaygısız H 2004. Hıyar Yetiştiriciliği. Hasad Yayıncılık, Istanbul, 184 s.
Cavagnaro PF, Senalik DA, Yang L, Simon PW, Harkins TT, Kodira CD, Huang S, Weng Y 2010. Genome-wide characterization of simple sequence repeats in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). BMC Genomic, 11: 569.
Cortese LM, Honig J, Miller C, Bonos SA 2010. Genetic diversity of twelve switchgrass populations using molecular and morphological Markers. BioEnergy Research, 3: 262-271.
Dijkhuizen A, Kennard WC, Hayey MJ, Staub JE 1996. RFLP variation and genetic relationships in cultivated cucumber. Euphytica, 90: 79-87.
El-Esawi MA, Germaine K, Bourke P, Malone R 2016. AFLP analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Brassica oleracea in Ireland. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 339: 163-170.
Horejsi T, Staub JE 1999. Genetic variation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 46: 337-350.
Hu J, Li J, Liang F, Liu L, Si S 2010. Genetic relationship of a cucumber germplasm collection revealed by newly developed EST-SSR markers. Journal of Genetics, 89: 28-32.
Innark P, Khanobdee C, Samipak S, Jantasuriyarat C 2013. Evaluation of genetic diversity in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm using agroeconomic traits and microsatellite markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 162: 278-284.
Knerr LD, Staub JE, Holder DJ, May BP 1989. Genetic diversity in Cucumis sativus L. assessed by at 18 allozyme coding loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 78: 119-128.
Kong Q, Xiang C, Yu Z 2006. Development of ESTSSRs in Cucumis sativus from sequence database. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6: 1234-1236.
Li B, Wang A, Zhang P, Li W 2019. Genetic diversity and population structure of endangered Glehnia littoralis (Apiaceae) in China based on AFLP analysis. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 33: 1-7.
Meglic V, Staub JE 1996. Inheritance and linkage relationships of isozyme and morphological loci in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 92: 865-872.
Meglic V, Serquen F, Staub JE 1996. Genetic diversity in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): I. A reevaluation of the U.S. germplasm collection. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 43: 533-546.
Nei M 1972. Genetic distance between populations. The American Society of Naturalists, 106: 283-292.
Park YH, Sensoy S, Wye C, Antonise R, Peleman J, Havey MJ 2000. A genetic map of cucumber composed of RAPDs, RFLPs, AFLPs, and loci conditioning resistance to papaya ringspot and zucchini yellow mosaic viruses. Genome, 43: 1003- 1010.
Peakall R, Smouse PE 2006. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6: 288-295.
Rohlf FJ 2000. NTSYS-pc-Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, Version 2.10. New York, Exeter Software.
Roldán-Ruiz I, Dendauw J, Van Bockstaele E, Depicker A, De Loose M 2000. AFLP markers reveal high polymorphic rates in ryegrasses (Lolium spp.). Molecular Breeding, 6: 125-134.
Scott KD, Ablett EM, Lee LS, Henry RJ 2000. AFLP markers distinguishing an early mutant of Flame Seedless grape. Euphytica, 113: 245-249.
Shao QS, Guo QS, Deng YM, Guo HP 2010. A comparative analysis of genetic diversity in medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium based on morphology, ISSR and SRAP markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 38: 1160-1169.
Staub JE, Box J, Meglic V, Horejsi TF, McCreight JD 1997. Comparison of isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA data for determining intraspecific variation in Cucumis. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 44: 257-269.
Staub JE, Chung SM, Fazio G 2005. Conformity and genetic relatedness estimation in crop species having a narrow genetic base: the case of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Breeding, 124: 44-53.
UPOV (The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants), Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Homogeneity, and Stability. https://www.upov.int/portal/ index.html.en , (accessed 13 March 2019).
Vos P, Hogers R, Bleeker M, Reijans M, Van de Lee T, Hornes M, Frijters A, Pot J, Peleman J, Kuiper M, Zabeau M 1995. AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research, 23: 4407- 4414.
Watcharawongpaiboon N, Chunwongse J 2008. Development and characterization of microsatellite markers from an enriched genomic library of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Plant Breeding, 127: 74-81.
Waugh R, Power W 1992. Using RAPD markers for crop improvement. Trends in Biotechnology, 10: 186-191.
Weising K, Beyermann B, Ramser J, Kahl G 1991. Plant DNA fingerprinting with radioactive and digoxigenated oligonucleotide probes complementary to simple repetitive DNA sequences. Electrophoresis, 12: 159-169.
Witkowicz J, Urbańczyk-Wochniak E, Przybecki Z 2003. AFLP marker polymorphism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) near isogenic lines differing in sex expression. Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, 8: 375-381.
Wu WD, Liu WH, Sun M, Zhou JQ, Liu W, Zhang CL, Zhang XQ, Peng Y, Huang LK, Ma X 2019. Genetic diversity and structure of Elymus tangutorum accessions from western China as unraveled by AFLP markers. Hereditas, 156(1): 8.
Xixiang L, Dewei Z, Yongchen D, Di S, Qiusheng K, Jiangping S 2004. Studies on genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm by AFLP technique. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 31(3): 309-314.