MUSTAFA YILDIRIM, ZİYA DUMLUPINAR, ALPER TANER

Effects of Conventional and Reduced Tillage Methods on Some Traits of Wheat in Cotton- Wheat System

Tillage is one of the most important agronomical practices especiallyfor plant height (PH), grain yield (GY) and yield components inwheat production. This study was carried out in 2007–08 and 2008–09 growing seasons in Kahramanmaras, Turkey, to investigateresponse of five wheat cultivars (Adana, Ceyhan, Dogankent,Menemen and Yuregir) to conventional (CT) and reduced tillage(RT) systems after cotton harvest for PH, number of fertile spikesper m 2 (SM), spike length (SL), number of fertile spikelets spike –1(SS), number of grains spike –1 (GS), 1000–kernel weight (KW) andGY components. The soil was ploughed at a depth of 25–30 cm in CTsystem, while it was not used in RT. The results indicated that alltraits had greater values in 2008–09 than in 2007–08 except KWand GY. The tillage systems significantly affected PH, SM, SL, SS,GS and GY except KW. Over the two years, values of all traits in CTwere higher than those of RT. There was a significant and positivecorrelation for GY, SS, GS and KW between CT and RT. Thecultivars were affected by year and tillage system. Dogankentcultivar had better performance and stable for most of the traitscompared to others under CT and RT in both years.

Pamuk-Buğday Sistemlerinde Buğdayın Bazı Özellikleri Üzerine Geleneksel ve Azaltılmış Toprak İşlemenin Etkileri

Buğdayda toprak işleme sistemi, özellikle bitki boyu (PH), tane verimi (GY) ve verim unsurları açısından en önemli tarımsal uygulamalardan biridir. Bu çalışma, pamuk hasadından sonra geleneksel (CT) ve azaltılmış toprak işleme (RT) sistemlerinin beş buğday çeşidinde (Adana, Ceyhan, Doğankent, Menemen ve Yüreğir) PH, metre karede fertil başak sayısı (SM), başak uzunluğu (SL), başakta fertil başakçık sayısı (SS), başakta tane sayısı (GS), 1000 tane ağırlığı (KW) ve GY unsurları üzerine etkilerini araştırmak için 2007- 08 ve 2008-09 ürün sezonlarında Kahramanmaraş'ta yürütülmüştür. Toprak, CT sisteminde 25-30 cm derinlikte sürülürken, RT’de yapılmadı. Sonuçlar, KW ve GY hariç diğer tüm özellikler 2008-09 sezonunda 2007-08 sezonundan daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuşlardır. Toprak işleme sistemleri KW dışındaki PH, SM, SL, SS, GS ve GY özellikler üzerinde önemli derecede etkili olmuşlardır. İki yıla ait sonuçlara göre, CT'deki tüm özelliklere ait verilerin RT'ye göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlendi. CT ve RT sistemleri altında GY, SS, GS ve KW özellikleri açısından önemli ve pozitif korelasyonlar vardı. Çeşitler yıl ve toprak işleme sisteminden etkilenmiştir. Doğankent çeşidi her iki yılda da CT ve RT altında diğerler çeşitlere kıyasla özelliklerin çoğunda daha en iyi bir performansa ve stabiliteye sahipti.

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