Türkiye’de Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi Hastalığının Güncel ve Gelecekteki Etkileri

Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateş virüsü (KKKAV), Türkiye’de 2002 yılında ilk kez tespit edilmesini takiben, halk sağlığı açısından oldukça önemli, kene kaynaklı bir zoonoz olmuştur. Etken oldukça geniş bir genetik çeşitliliğe sahip olup, gittikçe daha geniş alanlara yayılım eğilimi göstermektedir. Virüs için biyolojik kenenin varlığı ve uygun ortam şartları Türkiye’de hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında temel faktörleri oluşturmuştur. Türkiye, Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateş hastalığının görüldüğü en endemik ülkelerden biri olduğu için, virüs dolaşımının ve çeşitliliğinin endemik ve endemik olmayan bölgelerde ciddi araştırmalar ile sürekli izlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmalar hastalığın ve virüs dolaşımının gelecekteki durumunun değerlendirilmesi açısından gerekli olduğu kadar, hastalığa karşı etkili aşı ve tedavi seçeneklerinin geliştirilmesi yönlerinden de önemlidir. KKKAV, zoonotik bir etken olduğundan, insan ve veteriner tıp alanlarında Tek Sağlık yaklaşımına dayalı çalışmalar, hastalıkla savaş açısından mükemmel bir örnek oluşturmaktadır. Bu derlemede, Türkiye’de KKKAV çeşitliliği ve hastalığının ortaya çıkışı, güncel ve gelecek ile ilgili durumlar tartışılacaktır.

Present and Future Implications of Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Disease Emergence in Turkey

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis and a public health concern in Turkey since its firstconfirmation in 2002. The virus displays great genetic diversity and tends to expand its release to new areas. The presence of the biologicaltick vectors harbouring the virus and a suitable habitat are the predisposing factors for disease emergence in Turkey and elsewhere. AsTurkey is one of the most endemic countries for CCHF disease, deliberate studies should be conducted to monitor all aspects of viruscirculation and diversity in all endemic and non-endemic areas of the country. This will help to gain valuable information to predict the fateof the disease, and to develop effctive vaccines and treatment facilities. Owing to the zoonotic nature of the virus, it offrs a good prospectfor collaboration of human and veterinary medicine with the view to fight the disease based on the one health initiative. This review wasfocussed on CCHFV diversity, perspectives of disease occurrence in Turkey, and the present and future implications of the disease.

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