The efficacy of thymol and oxalic acid in bee cake against bee mite (Varroa destructor anderson&trueman) in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) Cclonies

Çalışmada, Varroa destructor akarına karşı polen içerikli iki organik bileşik (thymol kristal ve oksalik asit kristal içerikli arı keki) kullanılmıştır. Organik bileşikler aşağıdaki gibi uygulanmıştır : (1) 10 g thymol yağsız soya unu, polen ve 1:1 şeker şurubu ile hazırlanmış arı kekine katılmıştır (TBC), (2) 4 g oksalik asit yukarıda bahsedilen aynı kek tarifi kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır (OBC), (3) Muameleye tabi tutulmamış koloniler (CC). Her iki uygulamadan hazırlanan 60 g kek kolonilerde çerçevelerin üzerine yerleştirilmiştir. Tedaviler üç uygulamada gerçekleştirilmiş ve akar düşüşü deneme süresince haftalık sayılmıştır. En iyi sonuç (%92.85), thymol-arı kekinde elde edilmiştir. Oksalik asidin etkinliği %66.72 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Petek gözlerde akar oranı, arı populasyonu ve yavrulu alan bakımından gruplar arasındaki fark önemsiz bulunmuştur. Ancak, thymol-arı keki grubunda ergin arılar üzerinde akar bulaşıklığında önemli derecede azalma tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, arı kekine katılan thymolun sonbaharda varroa akarına karşı etkili, kolay ve güvenilir alternatif bir mücadele yöntemi olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Bal arısı kolonilerinde (Apis mellifera L.) arı akarı (Varroa destructor anderson&trueman) ile mücadelede arı kekine katılan thymol ve oksalik asidin etkisi

In the present study, two organic compounds (thymol crystals and oxalic acid crystals in bee cake) with pollen supplement feeding were used to treat colonies against Varroa destructor. The organic compounds were applied as follows: (1) 10 g of powdered thymol was added to the bee cake prepared with fat- free soy four, pollen and 1:1 sugar syrup (TBC), (2) 4 g of oxalic acid was prepared using the same cake recipe described above (OBC), (3) untreated colony (CC). 60 g of cakes from both treatments applied on the top of the frames in colonies. Treatments were carried out in three applications and mite fall were counted weekly during the experiment. The best result was obtained with thymol-bee cake (92.85%). The efficacy of oxalic acid treatment was recorded as 66.72%. There was no significant diference in the level of parasitization inside cells, bee population and brood area among treatments. However there was a significant reduction in mite infestation on adult bee with thymol-bee cake. This result indicates that thymol added to the bee cake is an efective, easy and safe alternative fall treatment for varroa mites.

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