Practical diet includes low fish meal protein is able to sustain growth performance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.;1758) during the grow-out period

12 Haftalık büyütme denemesinde çipura yemlerinde balık unu ve balık yağı yerine bitkisel protein karışımı (soya küspesi, buğday ve mısır unu) ile bitkisel yağ kaynaklarının (soya yağı ve kolza yağı) balıkların büyüme performansına, yem kullanımına ve besin maddelerini sindirim oranlarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Ortalama canlı ağırlığı 190.4±5.4 g olan ve 15 deneme grubuna ayrılan 180’er adet balık, 2000 litrelik tanklara stoklanmış ve beş ayrı deneme grubuna gore formülize edilmiş isonitrojenik, isolipidik ve isoenerjetik yemlerle beslenmiştir. Kontrol yemi olarak kullanılan yemin besin madde içeriği %49 ham protein, %20 yağ ve 24 kJ/g enerjidir. Diğer iki yem grubu balık ununun %40 ve 60’ına karşılık gelen oranlarda yer değiştirmiştir. Çipuraların büyümesi, canlı ağırlık artışı ve günlük büyüme indeksi göz önüne alındığında, %40 ve 60 oranlarında balık unu ile yer değiştiren bitkisel kökenli ham protein kaynaklarından etkilenmemiştir. Balık unundaki %40’lık ve balık yağındaki %62.5’luk yer değiştirme balıkların büyüme parformansına etki etmemiştir. Buna karşılık, balık ununun %60, balık yağının da %62.5 oranında yer değiştirdiği deneme gruplarında belirgin bir canlı ağırlık azalışı ve yem etkinliği düşüşü gözlenmiştir. Çalışma süresince %12.5’lik balık unu proteini kullanılarak büyüme performansı elde edilebilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Pagrus aurata, besinle alınan protein, balık unu, protein içeriği, izmaritgiller, büyüme performansı

Büyütme periyodu boyunca çipuraların (sparus aurata, L.,1758) büyüme performansını sağlayacak balık unu oranının belirlenmesine yönelik yem içeriği

During 12-week growing trial aimed to evaluate the effects of replacement of ﬁshmeal and ﬁsh oil in practical diets for gilthead seabream with a complementary mixture of vegetable proteins (soybean, wheat and corn) and oils (soybean and rapeseed), in terms of growth performance, feed utilization and apparent digestibility of nutrients. Fifteen homogenous groups of 180 sea bream each (mean initial body weight: 190.4±5.4 g) were stocked in 2000-L tanks and fed one of ﬁve experimental pelleted diets formulated to be isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic. A control diet (Control) was formulated with practical ingredients to contain 49% protein, 20% fat and 24 kJ/g energy. Two other diets were formulated in order to replace 40 and 60% of ﬁsh meal by increasing levels of selected plant-protein (PP) ingredients and fish oil (FO) (PP40FO and PP60FO, respectively). Based on these two last diets, two others were formulated in which ﬁsh oil was replaced at a 62.5% level by a mixture of soybean and rapeseed oils (Vegetable Oil-VO) (PP40VO and PP60VO). Growth of gilthead seabream, expressed either as weight gain or daily growth index was not signiﬁcantly affected by the replacement at either 40 or 60% of ﬁshmeal by plant-protein sources. At 40% ﬁshmeal replacement level, the further replacement of 62.5% of ﬁsh oil by vegetable oils had no effect on growth performance. However, the replacement of 60% ﬁshmeal and 62.5% replacement of ﬁsh oil caused reduction in weight gain slightly, but essentially a signiﬁcant decrease in feed efﬁciency (FE). Growth performance of gilthead seabream during grow-out was sustained by a practical diet formulation containing as little as 12% of fish meal protein.

Keywords:

Pagrus aurata, dietary protein, fish meal, protein content, sea bream, growth performance,

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