Mısır silajında aflatoksin $B _1$ ve zearalenon kirliliklerinin yüksek performanslı ince Tabaka Kromatografisi (HPTLC)-Florodansitometrik yöntemle belirlenmesi

Bu araştırmada mısır silajında aflatoksin $B _1$ (AF$B _1$) ve zearalenon (ZON) kirliliklerinin analizinde Yüksek Performanslı İnce Tabaka Kromatografisinde (HPTLC) Florodansitometre ile yemlerde kullanılan yöntemin modifiye edilerek silajlarda rutin olarak kullanılması ve bu yöntem ile İç Anadolu Bölgesi illerinden toplanan mısır silajı örneklerinde bu kirliliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Mısır silajında AF$B _1$ ve ZON miktarının tayininde kullanılan metotların validasyonu için özgünlük, doğrusallık, geri kazanım, duyarlılık ve kesinlik parametreleri çalışıldı. Mikotoksin analizlerinde duyarlılık limitleri AF$B _1$ için 2 ppb, ZON için 12 ppb; geri kazanım AF$B _1$ için %74, ZON için %81 olarak belirlendi. Mısır silajında AFB1 analizinde developman çözeltisi olarak kloroform + aseton + bidistile su kullanıldı. ZON analizinde ise TLC plakaların yerine HPTLC plakalar kullanıldı. Aksaray, Ankara, Çankırı, Eskişehir, Karaman, Kayseri, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir, Niğde, Sivas, Yozgat’taki süt sığırcılığı ve koyunculuk işletmelerinden 1 Mart - 31 Mayıs 2008 tarihlerinde 2007 yılının ürünü olan toplam 260 mısır silajı örneği toplandı ve örneklerde AFB1 ve ZON düzeyleri belirlendi. Mısır silajlarında AF$B _1$ ve ZON düzeylerini tespit eden geçerliliği denenmiş bu yöntemlerin rutin analizlerde laboratuvarlarda kullanılabileceği belirlendi. Toksikolojik analizler sonucunda mısır silajı örneklerinin hiçbirinde AF$B _1$ ve ZON kirliliği tespit edilemedi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

HPLC, Zea mays, aflatoksin, analitik yöntemler, sığır, kloroform, bulaşma, süt sığırı, densitometri, mısır, metanol, mikotoksinler, koyun, silaj, toksisite, toksikoloji, su, zearalenone

Analyzes of aflatoxin $B _1$ and zearalenone in corn silage by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)-Fluorodensitometric method

In this study development of experimented and verified method available for routine analyzes of aflatoxin B1 (AF$B _1$) and zearalenone (ZON) contamination in corn silage by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)-Fluorodensitometric method; and determination of contamination in corn silage samples collected from all of the Central Anatolia provinces by this method were aimed. The validation of both methods used in AF$B _1$ and ZON analyses was performed by the parameters of specificity, linearity, recovery, sensitivity and precision. In the mycotoxin analyses, the limits of sensitivity were determined 2 ppb for AF$B _1$ and 12 ppb for ZON. The recovery was 74% AFB1 and 81% for ZON in corn silage. Chloroform + methanol + water development solution was used for AF$B _1$ analyses; and HPTLC plates were used instead of TLC plates in ZON analyses. A total of 260 corn silage samples which were the crops of the year 2007 were collected in the dairy cattle and sheep enterprises in the provinces of Aksaray, Ankara, Çankırı, Eskişehir, Karaman, Kayseri, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir, Niğde, Sivas and Yozgat in Central Anatolia-Turkey between the dates of March 1 and May 31, 2008; and AFB1 and ZON levels in collected corn silage samples were analyzed. The tested and verified methods whose effectiveness was experimented on the silage samples were determined in laboratories for routine analyses. The result of toxicological analyzes, AFB1 and ZON contamination were not detected in any of the silage samples.

Keywords:

HPLC, Zea mays, aflatoxins, analytical methods, cattle, chloroform, contamination, dairy cattle, densitometry, maize, methanol, mycotoxins, sheep, silage, toxicity, toxicology, water, zearalenone,

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