YAVUZ EMRE ARSLAN, Meliha Merve HIZ, Tuğba ARSLAN SEZGİN

Hücrelerinden arındırılmış hayvansal dokuların rejeneratif tedavilerde kullanımı

Çoklu potansiyele sahip adipoz mezenkimal kök hücreler, yağ dokusunda bulunan ve hematopoietik olmayan hücre hatlarıdır. Adipoz mezenkimal kök hücrelerin osteojenik, kondrojenik ve adipojenik fenotipler dâhil birçok soya farklılaşma yetenekleri vardır. Yüksek derecede plastisiteye sahip olmaları ve izolasyon kolaylığından ötürü doku mühendisliği ve rejeneratif tıp uygulamaları için büyük bir potansiyel taşımaktadırlar. Hücreleri, matrikse bağlı çözünür faktörleri ve iskele desteklerini kullanan doku mühendisliği yaklaşımı, fonksiyon gösteremeyen doku ve organların rejenerasyonu, tamiri veya replasmanı için umut vericidir. Üç-boyutlu iskeleler, transplante edilen hücrelerin yapışabileceği bir yüzey ve yeni doku veya organ oluşumuna rehberlik eden fiziksel bir destek olarak görev yaptığından dolayı gereklidir. Özellikle tüm doku ve organların hücrelerinden arındırılmasıyla elde edilen hücre dışı matrikslerin üç-boyutlu iskele olarak doku mühendisliği stratejilerinde kullanılması giderek ilgi görmektedir. Bu bağlamda, insan adipoz mezenkimal kök hücrelerin deselülerize tüm doku veya organlar üzerindeki davranışlarının incelenmesinin rejeneratif tıbba katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Bu derleme hayvansal dokuların deselülerizasyonu, elde edilen matriksler üzerinde kök hücrelerin davranışları ve bu matrikslerin insan/hayvan kliniği açısından potansiyel kullanımı hakkında güncel bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.

The use of decellularized animal tissues in regenerative therapies

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are nonhematopoietic cells found in the adipose tissue that have multipotent characteristics. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have ability to diferentiate into multiple lineages, including osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic phenotypes. Because of their high degree of plasticity and ease of isolation, they have a great potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Tissue engineering, using cells, soluble matriks-bound factors and supporting scafolds, is a promising approach for regeneration, repairing and replacement of malfunctioning tissues and organs. Three-dimensional scafolds are essential to serve as an adhesive substrate for the transplanted cells and a physical support to guide the formation of new tissues or organs. Particularly, the use of extracellular matrices prepared by decellularized whole tissue and organ as three-dimensional constructs have drawn increasing attention as a tissue engineering strategy. In this context, it is expected that investigating the cellular behaviour of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on decellularized whole tissue and organ will have a positive impact on regenerative medicine. This review ofers a current perspective about decellularization of animal tissues, stem cells behaviors on obtained matrices and potential use of these matrices in human and/or animal clinic.

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