Shahram SAGHAEI, HÜSAMETTİN EKİCİ, Mevlüt DEMİRBAŞ, ENDER YARSAN, İlyas TÜMER

Determination of the metal contents of honey samples from Orumieh in Iran

Bu çalışmada İran’ın Orumieh Şehri’nin 4 farklı bölgesinden (Tergever, Mergever, Sero ve Merkez) 2009 Eylül ayında toplanan 89 farklı bal örneklerinde metal kalıntı (Pb, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, As, Ni) düzeyleri araştırıldı. Örneklerin çoğunluğu yol kenarlarına en az 10 km mesafede konaklayan arıcılardan sağlandı. Pb, Co, As, Ni analizleri Grafit Fırınlı Atomik Absorpsiyon Spektrometre cihazı ile, Fe, Cu, Mn ve Zn analizleri ise Alevli Atomik Absorpsiyon Spektrometre cihazı ile yapıldı. Analizler sonucunda bütün bal örneklerinde Pb, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, As ve Ni tespit edildi. Analiz edilen bal örneklerinde Pb 0.04±0.1 ppm, Co 0.001±0.002 ppm, Cu 7.09±9.4 ppm, Fe 0.6±0.9 ppm, Mn 0.06±0.1 ppm, Zn 9.99±26.5 ppm, As 0.0008±0.0011 ve Ni 0.003±0.005 düzeyinde tespit edildi. Bu çalışma sonucunda belirlenen Pb düzeylerinin Avrupa Birliği tarafından kabul edilen maksimum kalıntı limitlerini aşmadığı, diğer metal düzeylerinin ise kabul edilebilir düzeylerde olduğu görüldü. Metal kalıntı yönünden balların iyi kalitede olduğu tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ağır metaller, bal, demir, kurşun, mangan, nikel, toksisite, çinko, toksik maddeler, İran, arsenik, krom, kobalt, tespit etmek

İran’ın Orumieh şehri’nden toplanan ballarda metal düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

In this study the concentrations of metals in 89 different honey samples were collected, from four different areas of Orumieh City, in Iran from September of 2009 were investigated. Most of the samples were obtained from beekeepers located at a distance of 10 km from the roadside, to their accommodation. Pb, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, As and Ni were detected in all of the honey samples. The contents of metals in honey samples were found to be in the range of 0.04±0.1 ppm, 0.001±0.002 ppm, 7.09±9.4 ppm, 0.6±0.9 ppm 0.06±0.1 ppm, 9.99±26.5 ppm, 0.0008±0.0011 ppm, 0.003±0.005 ppm for Pb, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, As and Ni respectively. At the end of the study the Pb levels were found to be lower than the maximum residue limits of the European Union. Other metal levels were within acceptable levels. It was detected that the honey which was collected was of good quality from the point of metal contents.

Keywords:

heavy metals, honey, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, toxicity, zinc, toxic substances, Iran, arsenic, chromium, cobalt, determination,

PDF

___

1. Conti ME: Lazio region (central Italy) honeys: A survey of mineral content and typical quality parameters. Food Control, 11 (6): 459-463, 2000.
2. Fernández-Torres R, Pérez-Bernal JL, Bello-López MA, Callejón- Mochón M, Jiménez-Sánchez JC, Guiraúm-Pérez A: Mineral content and botanical origin of Spanish honeys. Talanta, 65 (3): 686-691, 2005.
3. Demirezen D, Aksoy A: Determination of heavy metals in bee honey using by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). GU J Sci, 18 (4): 569-575, 2005.
4. Erbilir F, Erdogrul O: Determination of heavy metals in honey in Kahramanmaras, City, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 109, 181-187, 2005.
5. Downey G, Hussey K, Jelly JD, Walshe TF, Martin PG: Preliminary contribution to the characterization of artisanal honey produced on the island of Ireland by palynological and physicochemical data. Food Chemistry, 91 (2): 347-354, 2005.
6. Yarsan E, Karacal F, Ibrahım IG, Dikmen B, Koksal A, Das YK: Contents of some metals in honeys from different regions in Turkey. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 79, 255-258, 2007.
7. Pohl P: Determination of metal content in honey by atomic absorption and emission spectrometries. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 28 (1): 117-128, 2009.
8. Anonymous: http://www.farmna.ir/Pages/News-7496.html. Accessed: 24 May 2011.
9. Anonymous: http://www.farmna.ir/Pages/News-7498.html. Accessed: 24 May 2011.
10. Fredes C, Montenegro G: Heavy metals and other trace elements contents in Chilean honey. Cien Inv Agr, 33 (1): 50-58, 2006.
11. Frazzoli C, D’Ilio S, Bocca B: Determination of Cd and Pb in honey by SF-ICP-MS: Validation figures and uncertainty of results. Analytical Letters, 40, 1992-2004, 2007.
12. Antonescu C, Mateescu C: Environmental pollution and its effects on honey quality. Roum Biotechnol Lett, 6 (5): 371-379, 2001.
13. Devillers J, Dore JC, Marenco M, Poirier-Duchene F, Galand N, Viel C: Chemometrical analysis of 18 metallic and nonmetallic elements found in honeys sold in France. J Agric Food Chem, 50, 5998-6007, 2002.
14. Adebiyi FM, Akpan I, Obiajunwa EI, Olaniyi HB: Chemical/physical characterization of Nigerian honey. Pakistan J Nutr, 3 (5): 278-281, 2004.
15. Bogdanov S: Contaminants of bee products. Apidologie, 37, 1-18, 2006.