Ahmet Levent BAŞ, KAMİL ÜNEY, Hasan Hüseyin HADİMLİ, ALİ DEMİR SEZER, Fatih HATİPOĞLU, Mehmet MADEN, Jülide AKBUĞA

Cytologic-enzymologic diagnosis of experimental pneumonia induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype II in rats and its treatment with free and liposomal enrofloxacin

Enrofloksasin (ENR) in vitro ortamlarda ökaryotik hücrelerde hızla lokalize olur, ancak uzun süre kalamadığı için hücre içi patojenlere karşı onun etkinliği azalır. Lipozomla kapsüle edilmiş formda ENR uygulanması hücre içi ortamlarda kalış zamanını artırabilir. Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı ve deksametazon uygulanmış ratlarda Klebsiella pneumoniae serotip II kullanılarak deneysel pnömoni oluşturuldu. Serbest ve lipozomla kapsüle edilmiş ENR enfekte hayvanlara intravenöz olarak beş gün boyunca 7.5 mg/kg/gün dozda enjekte edildi. İlk antibiyotik uygulamasından sonraki 1, 2, 3, 4. gün ve 1, 2, 3, 4. haftalarda plazma, doku ve bronko-alveolar lavaj (BAL) sıvısı örnekleri alındı. Tüm örnekler sitolojik, enzimolojik, mikrobiyolojik ve patolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Ratlarda deneysel pnömoninin tedavisinin değerlendirilmesinde BAL sıvısının sitolojik ve enzimolojik teşhisinin anlamsız olduğu belirlendi. Ancak, enrofloksasinin beş gün boyunca 7.5 mg/kg dozda lipozomal formda kullanımının hem K. pneumoniae enfeksiyonlarının tedavisinde hem de tekrarlayan enfeksiyonlarının önlenmesinde serbest formdan daha etkili olduğu tespit edildi. Lipozomla kapsüle edilmiş antimikrobiyal ajanlar gelecekte antimikrobiyal tedavide diğer bir seçenek sağlayacaklardır, ancak klinik kullanımdan önce çok sayıda araştırma yapılmalıdır.

Ratlarda Klebsiella pneumoniae serotip II ile oluşturulan deneysel pnömonilerin sitolojik-enzimolojik teşhisi ve serbest ve lipozomlanmış enrofloksasin ile tedavisi

Enrofloxacin (ENR) rapidly localizes in eukaryotic cells in vitro but does not remain for prolonged periods, thereby reducing the ENR efficacy of defense against intracellular pathogens. Delivery of ENR in a liposome-encapsulated form may enhance its intracellular residence time. In this study, experimental pneumonia was induced in healthy and dexamethasone-treated rats using Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype II. Free and liposome-encapsulated ENR were injected intravenously into the infected animals at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg/day for 5 days. Samples of tissue, plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were obtained at 1, 2, 3 and 4 days and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the first antibiotic treatment. All of the samples were evaluated cytologically, enzymologically, microbiologically and pathologically. It was determined that cytologic and enzymologic diagnoses of BAL fluid are not meaningful for evaluating the treatment of the experimental pneumonia in rats. However, it was established that the use of ENR in liposomal form at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg for 5 days is more effective than the free form both in the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections and in the prevention of recurrent infections. Liposome-encapsulated antimicrobial agents should provide another choice for antimicrobial therapy in the future, but further investigation must be completed before clinical use.

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