To compare anaesthetic effects between emulsified isoflurane (EI) through intravenous route and inhaled isoflurane in dogs, 16 healthy adult non-purebred dogs were randomly divided into intravenous anaesthesia groups with 8% EI (EI group) and an induction anaesthesia group (IA group) with vapor isoflurane. The anaesthetic effect was assessed by observing dog’s reaction, obvious side effects and baseline physiological parameters, including of Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Respiratory Rate (RR), Diastolic Arterial Pressure (DAP), Heart Rate (HR), Systolic Arterial Pressure (SAP), Oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 min after administered anaesthetic agents. The results revealed that no conspicuous differences were discovered between the groups during anaesthesia. This study showed that there is a good prospect for using EI intravenously in dog anaesthesia.
İntravenöz yoldan verilen emülsifiye izofluran (EI) ile inhale izofluran arasındaki anestezik etkileri karşılaştırmak için, sağlıklı yetişkin safkan olmayan 16 köpek rastgele %8 EI intravenöz anestezi grubu (EI grup) ve inhale izofluran anestezi grubu (IA grup) olarak iki deneme grubuna ayrıldı. Anestezik etki, köpeğin reaksiyonu, belirgin yan etkiler ve Ortalama Arteriyel Basınç (MAP), Solunum Hızı (RR), Diyastolik Arteriyel Basınç (DAP), Kalp Hızı (HR), Sistolik Arteriyel Basınç (DAS), Sistolik Arteriyel Basınç (SAP), Oksijen doygunluğu (Sp02), anestezik ajanların uygulanmasından sonraki 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 ve 80. dakikalarda kaydedildi. Sonuçlar, anestezi sırasında gruplar arasında belirgin bir fark bulunmadığını ortaya koydu. They all play a good role in dogs, as time goes on, these parameters are slightly reduced, and there are also physiological acceptable limits. Bu çalışma, köpek anestezisinde intravenöz olarak EI kullanımının iyi bir seçenek oluşturduğunu gösterdi.
___
1. Fan HG, Jiang S, Lin DQ, Lu DZ, Li L, Ji W, Li WZ: Comparison of anaesthetic and analgesic effects of emulsified isoflurane used alone or combined with lidocaine and fentanyl in dogs. N Z Vet J, 62 (3): 123-129, 2014. DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2013.859976
2. Eger RP, MacLeod BA: Anaesthesia by intravenous emulsified isoflurane in mice. Can J Anaesth, 42 (2): 173, 1995. DOI: 10.1007/BF03028273
3. Natalini CC, Krahn CL, Serpa PBS, Griffith JE, de Almeida RM: Intravenous 15% isoflurane lipid nanoemulsion for general anesthesia in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg, 44 (2): S1467298717300144, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2016.02.004
4. Wang LW, Zhou MY, Jian HW, Dai TJ: Relationship between gammahydroxybutyric acid receptors and the hypnotic and analgesic effects of emulsified inhalation anesthetics. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 18 (16): 2287, 2014.
5. Diao HX, Jiang S, Gao PY, Liu HY, Li JN: Comparison of the effects of propofol and emulsified isoflurane alone or combined with dexmedetomidine on induction of anesthesia in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg, 43 (2): 145-152, 2016. DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12287
6. Huang H, Li R, Liu J, Zhang W, Liao T, Yi X: A phase I, dose-escalation trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of emulsified isoflurane in healthy human volunteers. Anesthesiology, 120 (3): 614-625, 2014. DOI: 10.1097/ ALN.0000000000000044
7. Hayashida M, Fukunaga A, Hanaoka K: An animal model for surgical anesthesia and analgesia, characterization with isoflurane anesthesia and remifentanil analgesia. Anesth Analg, 97 (5): 1340-1346, 2003. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000083369.63589.a5
8. Biber B, Johannesson G, Lennander O, Martner J, Sonander H, Werner O: Intravenous infusion of halothane dissolved in fat Haemodynamic effects in dogs. Acta Anaesth Scand, 28 (4): 385-389, 1984. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1984.tb02082.x
9. Reid J, Nolan AM, Scott EM: Measuring pain in dogs and cats using structured behavioural observation. Vet J, 236:72-79, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j. tvjl.2018.04.013
10. Mathias L, Piccinini FL, Rittes JC: Intravenous isoflurane in lipid emulsion promotes cardiovascular and respiratory stability. Experimental model. Rev Bras Anestesiol, 54, 656-662, 2004. DOI: 10.1590/s0034- 70942004000500005
11. Çeçen G, Gorgül OS, Akgöz S: The cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anesthesia during spontaneous or controlled ventilation in dogs. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 50 (1): 255-261, 2009. DOI: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002291
12. Kato M, Komatsu T, Kimura T, Sugiyama F, Nakashima K, Shimada Y: Spectral analysis of heart rate variability during isoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesiology, 77 (4): 669-674, 1992. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199210000- 00009
13. Zhou C, Liu J: A novel intravenous general anesthetic-emulsified isoflurane: From bench to bedside. Front Med, 6 (4): 381-387, 2012. DOI: 10.1007/s11684-012-0229-z
14. Zhou JX, Luo NF, Liang XM, Liu: The efficacy and safety of intravenous emulsified isoflurane in rats. Anesth Analg, 102 (1): 129-134, 2006. DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000189612.24147.07
15. Liu C, Lin T, Zhou Z: Dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate or emulsified isoflurane for induction reduced cardiopulmonary response in dogs. PLoS ONE, 13 (12): 2018. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208625
16. Huang H, Zhou C, Liu J, Song H, Qiu Y: Adding emulsified isoflurane to cardioplegia solution produces cardiac protection in a dog cardiopulmonary bypass model. Sci Rep, 6 (1): 23572, 2016. DOI: 10.1038/srep23572