Hüseyin CAN, Esra ŞAHAR ATALAY, MERT DÖŞKAYA, Hüseyin Gökhan ÖZDEMİR, Ayşe CANER, Aysu DÖŞKAYA DEĞİRMENCİ, ADNAN YÜKSEL GÜRÜZ, Cemal ÜN

Analysis of Cytidine Monophospho-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) Gene Related to Neonatal Isoerythrolysis in Stray Cats of Izmir, Turkey [1]

Neonatal izoeritrolizis yeni doğan kedilerde hayatı tehdit eden bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık, tip A ya da tip AB kediler tip B dişi kedilerden doğduğunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Tip B kedilerde inaktif sitidin monofosfat-N-asetilnöraminik asit hidroksilaz (CMAH) enzim üretimine neden olan CMAH geni üzerinde homozigot 18 bp bir insersiyon saptanmıştır. Son zamanlarda, moleküler metotların tip B dişi kedilerin belirlenmesinde kullanımı yavru kedilerde neonatal izoeritrolizisin önlenmesine yardım etmektedir. Bu moleküler teknikler CMAH genindeki 18 baz çiftlik insersiyonun varlığını hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışma İzmir, Türkiye de sokak kedileri arasında neonatal izoeritrolizis potansiyelinin CMAH geninde 18 baz çiftlik insersiyonu hedefleyen PZR ile analiz edilmesini amaçlamıştır. Çalışma sırasında, 793 sokak kedisinin kan örneği incelenmiştir. A, B ve AB kan tipine sahip olduğu bilinen üç kedi PZR sırasında kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuca göre, kontrol grubu tip A kedi, homozigot tip A kediyi işaret eden 175 baz çiftlik bir ürüne sahip iken kontrol grubu tip B kedi, homozigot tip B kediyi işaret eden CMAH geninde 18 baz çiftlik insersiyonlu 193 baz çiftlik bir ürüne sahipti. İlginç bir şekilde, kontrol grubu tip AB kedi CMAH geni için heterozigot bir patern göstermiş olup burada üç farklı bant (tip A gibi 175 baz çiftlik, tip B gibi 193 baz çiftlik ve yaklaşık olarak 240 baz çiftlik büyüklüğünde üçüncü yeni bir bant) saptanmıştır. İzmir'de 793 sokak kedisi arasında, 791'i 175 bç'li CMAH geni için homozigot olduğu (%99.7) ve geriye kalan iki kedinin de tip AB kedi gibi heterozigot bant paterni gösterdiği saptanmıştır (%0.12). Sonuç olarak, tip A kedileri işaret eden 175 baz çiftlik bant, tip AB paterne sahip iki kediye ve homozigot olarak saptanmamış tip B kedilere göre sık görülmektedir. Bu sonuçlar İzmir sokak kedilerinde neonatal izoeritrolizis potansiyelinin düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Gelecek çalışmalarda İzmir'de tip B kedilerin olmaması sebepleri ve tip AB kedide saptanan yeni bant varlığının incelenmesinin uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Türkiye, İzmir Sokak Kedilerinde Neonatal İzoeritrolizisle İlişkili Sitidin Monofosfat-N-Asetilnöraminik Asit Hidroksilaz (CMAH) Geninin Analizi

Neonatal isoerythrolysis is a life threatening disease in new born cats. It occurs when type A or type AB kittens are born from a type B queen (female cat). A homozygous 18 bp insertion located in cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene has been detected in type B cats, causing production of inactive CMAH enzyme. Currently, molecular methods are being used to determine type B blood in female cats, which can help prevent neonatal isoerythrolysis in kittens. These molecular assays target the presence of 18 bp insertion in CMAH gene. In this study, we aimed to analyze the potential of neonatal isoerythrolysis among stray cats of İzmir, Turkey using PCR detecting the 18 bp insertion in CMAH gene. During the study, we analyzed 793 cats' blood sample for the presence of 18 bp insertion in CMAH gene. Three cats known to have blood types A, B, and AB were used as control in PCR. According to the PCR results, blood type A control cat displayed a 175 bp product indicating a homozygous type A cat while blood type control B cat showed a 193 bp product in CMAH gene (with 18 bp insertion) indicating a homozygous type B cat. Interestingly, blood type AB control cat showed a heterozygous pattern for CMAH gene, in which three different bands (175 bp like that of type A, 193 bp product for type B, and the third unique band with approximately 240 bp size) were detected. Among 793 stray cats of İzmir, 791 were homozygous for CMAH gene with 175 bp band size (99.7%). The remaining two stray cats showed heterozygous band pattern like blood type AB cat (0.12%). Overall, 175 bp band displaying type A cats are prevalent contrary to the two cats that have type AB pattern and non-existence of homozygous type B cats. These results show that the potential of neonatal isoerythrolysis in stray cats of İzmir is minimal. Future studies are required to scrutinize the reason(s) for non-existence of type B cats in İzmir and presence of unique band in blood type AB.

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