Akrozom reaksiyonunun sperma kalitesi, muhafazası ve suni tohumlama başarısındaki rolü

Sunulan derlemede, in vitro akrozom reaksiyonunun (AR) sperma kalitesi, kısa/uzun süreli muhafazası ve suni tohumlama (ST) uygulamalarında başarılı fertilite oranları elde etmedeki önemi hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Buna göre; a) sperma kalite parametreleri arasında AR'nin sperm fonksiyonunun en kritik göstergelerinden birisi olduğu, b) kısa süreli (4°C'de) soğukta saklama yöntemlerinin kapasitasyon (veya AR) üzerine, fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler sonucu, 'kısmen' olumsuz etkili olduğu, c) uzun süreli (-196°C'de dondurarak) saklama yöntemlerinin ise başta âkrozomal morfoloji (veya AR) olmak üzere hemen hemen bütün spermato/.oal kısımlar üzerine olumsuz etkili olduğu ve d) damızlık hayvanların fertilitesinin gelişimini izlemede ve sonraki potansiyel fertilitelerinin tahmininde in vitro AR testinin güvenilir bir araç olabilece-ği öngörülmektedir. Dolayısıyla, çiftlik hayvanlarının pek çoğunda rahatlıkla kullanılabilen in vitro AR testinin, sperma kalitesi, muhafazası ve ST fertilitesi hakkında çok önemli bilgiler sağlayabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

akrozom reaksiyonu, suni tohumlama, soğuk depolama, döl verimi, performans test etme, semen özellikleri, semen koruma, sperma oluşması

The role of acrosome reaction insemen quality, preservation and the success of artificial insemination

In the present review, the importance of acrosome reaction (AR) in vitro to semen quality, short/long term storage and the achievement of successful fertility rates in artificial insemination (AI) applications was evaluated. According to this, it is suggested that a) AR is one of the most critical signs of sperm function amongst semen quality parameters, b) the methods of short term cold storage (at 4°C) impair 'partially' capacitation (or AR), caused by physical and chemical changes, c) the methods of long term storage (at -196°C by freezing) deteriorate mainly the acrosomal morphology (or AR) as well as virtually all parts of the spermatozoon and d) AR in vitro might be a reliable tool in monitoring development of fertility of sire animals and the prediction of their subsequent fertility potential. Therefore, in vitro AR test which can be used in many farm animals, would provide crucial data on the semen quality, storage and fertility of AI.

Keywords:

acrosome reaction, artificial insemination, cold storage, fertility, performance testing, semen characters, semen preservation, spermatogenesis,

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