Students' Views on Contextual Vocabulary Teaching: A Constructivist View
Mevcut çalışma yabancı dil öğretimi alanında öğrencilerin yapılandırmacılığa uygun olarak bağlamsal kelime öğretimi hakkındaki görüşlerine ışık tutabilmeyi amaçlayan niceliksel bir araştırmadır. Bu sebeple, çalışma dördüncü sınıf üniversite öğrencilerinin yapılandırmacılığa uygun olarak bağlamsal kelime öğretimi hakkındaki tutumları ile bireysel farklılıkları ve başarı notları arasında herhangi bir ilişki olup olmadığını incelemektedir. Bu anlamada çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak vakaya özgü bir tutum ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, literatürde yer alan önceki çalışmalarla karşılaştırıldığında yapılandırmacılığa uygun olarak bağlamsal kelime öğretiminin yabancı dil öğretimi açısından yeni faydalar sağlayabileceğini işaret etmektedir.
Öğrencilerin Bağlamsal Kelime Öğretimi Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Yapılandırmacı Bir Değerlendirme
The current study is a quantitative research that aims to throw light on the place of students' views on contextual vocabulary teaching in conformity with Constructivism (CVTC) in the field of foreign language teaching. Hence, the study investigates whether any significant correlation exists between the fourth year university students' attitudes concerning CVTC in terms of their individual differences and their achievement scores. In this sense, a case-specific attitude scale was also developed for the purpose of the study. The results juxtaposed with the previous findings in the literature indicate that CVTC would serve new benefits for the interests of foreign language teaching.
___
- Akpinar, K. D. (2013). Lexical inferencing: perceptions and actual behaviors of Turkish English as a Foreign Language Learners' handling of unknown vocabulary. South African Journal of Education, 33(3), 755-772. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:HYliOCrBM3AJ:www.ajol.info/index.php/saje/article/download/91929/81387 +&cd=2&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Barcroft, J. (2009). Effects of synonym generation on incidental and intentional L2 vocabulary learning during reading. TESOL Quaterly, 43(1), 79-103. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.1545-7249.2009.tb00228.x/abstract
- Barton, J. (2001). Teaching Vocabulary in the Literature Classroom. The English Journal. 90 (4), 82- 88. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/821907
- Baumann, J. F., Edwards, E. C., Boland, E. M. , Olejnik, S., & Kame'enui, E. J. (2003). Vocabulary Tricks: Effects of Instruction in Morphology and Context on Fifth-Grade Students' Ability to Derive and Infer Word Meanings. American Educational Research Association, 40(2), 447-494. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3699395
- Blachowicz, C.L.Z., Fisher, P. (2008). Attentional Vocabulary Instruction: Read-Alouds, Word Play, And Other Motivating Strategies For Fostering Informal Word Learning. In Farstrup, A. E. & Samuels, S. J. (Ed.), What Research Has To Say About Vocabulary Instruction (pp. 51-74). Newark, USA: International Literacy Association.
- Blachowicz, C.L.Z., Fisher, P., Ogle, D., & Watts-Taffe, S.M. (2006). Vocabulary: Questions from the classroom. Reading Research Quarterly, 41(4), 524-539. Retrieved from http://www.researchgate.net/publication/237972988_Vocabulary_Questions_From_the_Classroom
- Bravo, M. A., & Cervetti, G. N. (2008). Teaching Vocabulary Through Text And Experience In Content Areas. In Farstrup, A. E. & Samuels, S. J. (Ed.), What Research Has To Say About Vocabulary Instruction (pp. 1-27). Newark, USA: International Literacy Association.
- Brown, J. D. (2011). Likert items and scales of measurement? 15 (1), 10-14. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:pkNSrHFkOK4J:jalt.org/test/PDF/Brown34.pdf+&cd=4&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching languages to young learners. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- Canestrary, A. S. & Marlowe, B. A. (Eds.). (2010). Educational Foundations: An Anthology of Critical Readings. New York, NY: Sage Publications.
- Carlo, M. S., August, D., Mclaughlin, B., Snow, C. E., Dressler, C., Lippman, D. N., ... White, C.E. (2004). Closing the gap: Addressing the vocabulary needs of English-language learners in bilingual and main stream classrooms. Reading Research Quarterly, 39 (2), 188-215. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ684719
- Charkins, R. J., O'Toole, D. M., & Wetzel J. N. (1985). Teacher and Student Learning Styles with Student Achievement and Attitudes. The Journal of Economic Education, 16 (2), pp. 111-120. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1182513
- Cotterall, S. (1999). Key variables in language learning: what do learners believe. System, 53, 490- 530. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0346251X99000470
- Csizér, K., & Dörnyei, Z. (2005). The internal structure of language learning motivation and its relationship with language choice and learning effort. Modern Language Journal, 89, 19-36. Retrieved from : http://www.jstor.org/stable/3588549
- Davis, K. A., & Skilton-Sylvester, E. (2004). Gender and language education [Special issue]. TESOL Quarterly, 38(3). Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tesq.2004.38.issue-3/issuetoc#group3
- Desu, M. M., & Raghavarao, D. (1990). Sample size methodology. Statistics in Medicine, 11, 562- 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780110421
- Dörnyei, Z., & Skehan, P. (2009). Individual Differences in Second Language Learning. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:vvbcswfyk8MJ:www.zoltandornyei.co.uk/uploads/2003-dornyei- skehan-hsla.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Eley, M., G. (2006). Teachers' Conceptions of Teaching, and The Making of Specific Decisions in Planning to Teach. Higher Education, 51(2), 191-214. Retrieved from
- http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10734-004-6382-9
- Ellis, R. (1994). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
- Flood, C. P. (2003). Where the boys are: What's the difference? Paper presented at the Kentucky Teaching and Learning Conference, Louisville. Retrieved from http://qap2.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/
- Fosnot, C. T. (2005). Constructivism: Theory, Perspectives, and Practice (2nd ed., pp. 71-89). New York, United States: Teachers College Press.
- Frantzen, D. (2003). Factors Affecting How Second Language Spanish Students Derive Meaning from Context. The Modern Language Journal, 87 (2), 168-199. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1540-4781.00185/abstract
- Gardner, C. R. (1985). Social Psychology and Second Language Learning: The Role of Attitudes and Motivation. London: Edward Arnold.
- Graves, M. F. (2008). Instruction On Individual Words: One Size Does Not Fit All. In Farstrup, A. E. & Samuels, S. J. (Ed.), What Research Has To Say About Vocabulary Instruction (pp. 51-74). Newark, USA: International Literacy Association.
- Gu, Y. (2003). Vocabulary learning in a second language: person, task, context and strategies. TESL- EJ, 7, 2, Retrieved from http://wwwwriting.berkeley.edu/TESL-EJ/ej26/a4.html
- Genesee, F., Lindholm-Leary, K., Saunders, W., & Christian, D. (2006). Educating English language learners: A synthesis of research evidence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- Hausfather, S. (2001). Where is the content? The role of content in constructivist education. Educational Horizons, 80 (1), 15-19. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/42927076?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
- Hoyle, R. H. (2000). Confirmatory Factor Analysis. In H. E. A. Tinsley, & S. D. Brown (Ed.), Handbook of Applied Multivariate Statistics and Mathematical Modeling (pp. 426-486). California, USA: Academic Press.
- Jones, M. G., & Araje, L. B. (2002). The Impact of Constructivism on Eductaion: Language, Discourse and Meaning. American Communication Journal, 5 (3), 4-5. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:IdZ2ujhPlWUJ:ac- journal.org/journal/vol5/iss3/special/jones.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Karagiorgi, Y., & Symeou, L. (2005). Translating Constructivism into Instructional Design: Potential and Limitations. Educational Technology & Society, 8 (1), 17-27. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:4UaQJPAZoxYJ:www.ifets.info/journals/8_1/5.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&g l=tr
- Kesal, F., & Aksu, M. (2005). Constructivist Learning Environment in ELT Methodology II Courses. Hacettepe University the Journal of Education, 28, 118-126. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:jXXkbIr9kaUJ:www.efdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/200528F%25C3%259CSUN%25 20KESAL.pdf+&cd=2&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Kline, P. (1994). An Easy Guide to Factor Analysis. New York: Routledge.
- Knudson, R. E. (1993). Development and use of a writing attitude survey in grades 9 and 12. Psychological Reports, 73, 587-594. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9401200134/development-writing-attitude-survey-grades-9-12-effects-gender-grade-and
- Kobayashi, Y. (2010). The Role of Gender in Foreign Language Learning Attitudes: Japanese female students' attitudes towards English learning. 14:2, 181-197, DOI: 10.1080/09540250220133021
- Lenth, R. V. (2001). Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination. The American Statistician, 55 (3), 187-193. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:g0jBu2veq_IJ:conium.org/~maccoun/PP279_Lenth.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=cln k&gl=tr
- MacCallum, R. C., Widaman, K. F., Zhang, S., & Hong, S. (1999). Sample Size in Factor Analysis. Psychological Methods, 4 (1), 84-99. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:gmYSCKlHtVUJ:www.researchgate.net/profile/Keith_Widaman/publication/2 54733888_Sample_Size_in_Factor_Analysis/links/548b85ae0cf214269f1dd66f.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- McCrum-Gardner, E. (2010). Sample size and power calculations made simple. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. 17 (1), 10-14. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:KUqf9WlRwPIJ:www.uv.es/uvetica/files/McCrum_Gardner2010.pdf+&cd=5 &hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- McMahill, C. (2001). Self-expression, gender, and community: A Japanese feminist English class. In A. Pavlenko, A. Blackledge, I. Piller, & M. Teutsch-Dwyer (Eds.), Multilingualism, second language learning, and gender (pp. 307-344). Berlin, Germany: Mouton de Gruyter
- McKenna, M. C., Kear, D. J., & Ellsworth, R. A. (1995). Children's attitudes toward reading: A national survey. Reading Research Quarterly, 30, 934-955. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/748205
- Montero, M., Peters, E., Clarebout, G., & Desmet, P. (2014). Effects of captioning on video comprehension and incidental vocabulary. Language, Learning & Technology, 18(1), 118-141. Retreived from http://www.crossref.org/iPage?doi=10.15446%2Fprofile.v17n1.43957
- Morris, L. & Cobb, T. (2003). Vocabulary profiles as predictors of the academic performance of Teaching English as a Second Language trainees. Elsevier,32, 75-87. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:ZsFM5fE7mNMJ:lextutor.ca/cv/vp_predictor.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl= tr
- Nassaji, H. (2006). The Relationship between Depth of Vocabulary Knowledge and L2 Learners' LexicalInferencing Strategy Use and Success. The Modern Language Journal, 90 (3), 387-401. Retrieved from
- https://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/canadian_modern_language_review /v061/61.1nassaji.html
- Nassaji, H. (2003). L2 Vocabulary Learning from Context: Strategies, Knowledge Sources, and Their Relationshipwith Success in L2 Lexical Inferencing, 37 (4), 645-670). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3588216.
- Nation, I. S. P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Nikitina, S. (2009). Applied Humanities: Bridging the Gap between Building Theory & Fostering Citizenship. Liberal Education, 95(1), 36-43. Retrived from
- http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ861150
- Nilsen, A. P., & Nilsen, D. L. F. (2003). Vocabulary Developmet: Teaching vs. Testing. The English Journal, 92 (3), 31-37. Retrieved from
- http://www.jstor.org/stable/822257?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
- Norton, B., & Pavlenko, A. (2004). Gender and English language learners. (Ed.) Alexandria, VA: TESOL. Retrieved from http://tesl-ej.org/ej31/r10.html
- Oguz, A. (2008). The Effects of Constructivist Learning Activities on Trainee Teachers' Academic Achievement and Attitudes. World Applied Sciences Journal, 4 (6), 837-848. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:STSHceWVux8J:citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/vie wdoc/download%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.388.3619%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct =clnk&gl=tr
- Otten, A.S.C. (2003). Defining Moment: Teaching Vocabulary to Unmotivated Students. The English Journal, 92 (6), 75-78. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3650539
- Oxford R. L., & Ehrman, M. (1992). Second language research on individual differences. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 13, 188-205. Retrieved from http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=2685344#
- Padak, N., Newton, E., Rasinski, T., Newton, R. M. (2008). Getting To The Root Of Word Study: Teaching Latin and Greek Word Roots In Elementary And Middle Grades. In Farstrup, A. E. & Samuels, S. J. (Ed.), What Research Has To Say About Vocabulary Instruction (pp. 1-27). Newark, USA: International Literacy Association.
- Pawlak, M. (2012). New Perspectives on Individual Differences in Language Learning and Teaching. Available from e- ISBN 978-3-642-20850-8
- Pulido, D. (2007). The relationship between text comprehension and second language incidental vocabulary acquisition: A matter of topic familiarity? Language Learning, 57(1), 155-199. Retrieved from http://www.researchgate.net/publication/227538211_The_Relationship_Between_Text_Comprehension_and_Second_Language_Incide ntal_Vocabulary_Acquisition_A_Matter_of_Topic_Familiarity
- Rapport, W., J. (n.d.). What Is the "Context" for Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition? Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:-LR3G- 5J8WAJ:www.cse.buffalo.edu/~rapaport/Papers/context.auconf.pdf+&cd=8&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Restrepo Ramos, F. D. (2015). Incidental vocabulary learning in second language acquisition: A literature review. PROFILE Issues in Teachers' Professional Development, 17(1), 157-166. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n1.43957.
- Read, J. (2007). Second Language Vocabulary Assessment. International Journal of English Studies. 7 (2), 105-125. Retrieved from http://revistas.um.es/ijes
- Richardson, V. (Eds.). (1997). Constructivist teacher education: Building New Understandings. Washington, D.C.: Farmer Press.
- Rieder, A. (2003). Implicit and explicit learning in incidental vocabulary acquisition. Paper presented at the Eurosla Conference: Views, Edinburgh, Scotland. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Zsnu5vIKgacJ:www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/views/03_2/RIE_SGLE.PDF+&cd= 2&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Scott, J. A., Nagy, W. E., & Flinspah, S. L. (2008). More than Nearly Words: Redefining Vocabulary Learning in a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Society. In Farstrup, A. E. & Samuels, S. J. (Ed.), What Research Has To Say About Vocabulary Instruction (pp. 182-204). Newark, USA: International Literacy Association.
- Shen, Z. (2008). The Roles of Depth and Breadth of Vocabulary Knowledge in EFL Reading Performance. Asian Social Science, 4(12), 135-137. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5X_Ji_5- 0xEJ:www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/download/773/747+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Skehan, P. (2015). Individual differences in second and foreign language learning. Retrieved from https://www.llas.ac.uk/resources/gpg/91#toc_0
- Skehan, P. (1989). Individual Differences in SecondLanguage Learning. London: Edward Arnold.
- Smith, T. B. (2008). Teaching Vocabulary Expeditiously: Three Keys to Improving Vocabulary Instruction. The English Journal, 97 (4), 20-25. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/30047242
- Soku, D., Simpeh, K. N., & Osafo-Adu, M. (2011). Students' Attitudes towards the Study of English and French in a Private University Setting in Ghana. Journal of Education and Practice. 2 (9). Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:UEUuLs5UL1AJ:iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/viewFile/774/677+& cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
- Steffe, L. P., & Gale, J. (1995). Constructivism in Education Hillsdale. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Strozer, Judith R. (1994). Language Acquisition after Puberty. Washington, DC: Georgetown UP
- Sunderland, J. (1992). Gender in the EFL classroom. ELT Journal, 46, 81-91. Retrieved from http://eltj.oxfordjournals.org/content/46/1/81.abstract
- Sunderland, J. (1994). Exploring gender: Implications for English language education. New
- York: Prentice Hall.
- Sunderland, J. (2000). Issues of language and gender in second and foreign language education. Language Teaching, 33, 203-223. Retrieved from http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=5186676
- Webb, S. (2008). Receptive and productive vocabulary sizes of L2 learners. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 30 (1), pp.79-95. Retrieved from http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=1662612&jid=SLA&volumeId=30&issueId=01&aid=1662608&bodyI d=&membershipNumber=&societyETOCSession=
- Wenden, A. L. (2014). Metacognitive Knowledge in SLA: The Neglected Variable. In Michael, B. (Ed.), Learner Contributions to Language Learning: New Directions in Research (pp. 44-64). NewYork, USA: Routlege.
- Wetzel, J. N., James, P. W. & O'Toole, D. M. (1982). The Influence of Learning and Teaching Styles on Student Attitudes and Achievement in the Introductory Economics Course: A Case Study. Journal of Economic Education, 13(1), 33-39. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1182869
- Willet, T. (2013). Analyzing Likert scale data: The rule of n=30. Retrieved from http://www.sim- one.ca/community/tip/analyzing-likert-scale-data-rule-n30
- Zimmerman, B. J. & Dale, H. S. (2001). Self-regulated Learning and Academic Achievement. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Zipke M, Ehri L. C., & Cairns, H. S. (2009). Using Semantic Ambiguity Instruction to Improve Third Graders' Metalinguistic Awareness and Reading Comprehension: An Experimental Study. Reading Research Quarterly ,44 (3), pp. 300-321. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25655457
- Zuhong, H. (2011). Learning a Word: From Receptive to Productive Vocabulary Use. Paper presented at the The Asian Conference on Language Learning: Language Education, Osaka, Japan. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:K1l0uHUOPgkJ:iafor.org/archives/offprints/acll2011- offprints/ACLL2011_0102.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr.