Beytülmakdiste Vakıf Sisteminin Oluşumunda Memeluklerin Çabaları

The efforts of the Mamluks in the Waqf Establishment in Bayt al-Maqdis

Palestine is considered as an outstanding Islamic model for its Awqaf amongst Muslim and Arabic countries in general, whereas the city of Bayt al-Maqdis may be considered the archetype for Palestinian cities. Muslims have paid much attention to the Awqaf in Bayt Al-Maqdis throughout the centuries, which had evolved during the Mamluk period, with its Sultans and Emirs appointing supervisors and custodians to protect and restore them. This is besides keeping records of the expenditures, income and produce. Many of the Mamluk Sultans had frequently visited the holy city, and were so generous in giving its people gifts and donations as well as establishing new Waqf institutions and restoring ones. In addition to appointing supervisors to check-up the affairs of these Awqaf. The Awqaf have indeed played an important role in every aspect of life in the city; social, health, scholarly, etc. On the scholarly front, schools, libraries, soup kitchens, Zawiyah, Khanqah, and Ribat were established; turning Bayt al-Maqdis into an important scholarly centre during the Mamluk era. With these institutions and the interest of the Sultans and Emirs it and the support of merchants amongst others who were generous with their wealth and properties dedicating them to these Awqaf, thus creating a steady income for the students and the poor benefiting from these institutions.

Keywords:

Madrasah, Zawiyah, Tekyeh, Ribat, Sabil, Mamluk Sultans Waqf,

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