İŞ STRESİNİN İŞ-YAŞAM DENGESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN ESNEK ÇALIŞMA BAĞLAMINDA TEST EDİLMESİ

Bu çalışmada, iş-yaşam dengesi üzerinde iş stresinin etkisi incelenmiş; bununla birlikte esnek çalışmauygulamaları yapan ve esnek çalışma uygulamaları yapmayan iki işletme üzerinde ortaya çıkan farklılıklarincelenmiştir. Araştırma, İstanbul’daki iki işletmede çalışan toplamda 303 beyaz yakalı çalışan ile kolaydaörnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yüz yüze anket ile toplanan verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 paketprogramı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, iş stresinin iş-yaşam dengesi boyutları üzerinde etkisiolduğu; işletmeler ayrı ayrı değerlendirildiğinde ise esnek çalışma uygulamaları bulunan işletmeçalışanlarında gerginliğin işin aile yaşamına etkisi üzerindeki etkisinin esnek çalışma uygulamalarıbulunmayan işletme çalışanlarına göre daha fazla olduğu ve gerginlik arttıkça işin aile yaşamına etkisininartacağı saptanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, esnek çalışma uygulamaları bulunan işletmelerdeki çalışanlardabaskı olduğunda ailenin iş yaşamına etkisinin artacağı; esnek çalışma uygulamaları bulunmayan işletmeçalışanlarında ise gerginlik arttıkça ailenin iş yaşamına etkisinin artacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

TESTING THE EFFECT OF JOB STRESS ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF FLEXIBLE WORKING

In this study, the effect of job stress on work-life balance was examined; the effects of these two concepts on the two enterprises (the ones that do flexible working arrangements and the ones that do not implement flexible working arrangements) and the differences revealed are examined. For these purposes and within this scope, 303 white-collar employees were reached by convenience sampling method at two businesses in Istanbul. The data obtained by face-to-face questionnaires were analyzed using the packaged program SPSS 22. According to findings, it is concluded that job stress has an effect on work-life balance dimensions. When the firms are assessed separately, it is concluded that the effect of the tension on the family life effect of the business employees who have flexible working arrangements is higher than that of the employees who do not have flexible working arrangements. According to this result, as the tension increases, it has been found that the effect on working family life increases. In addition, when there is pressure on employees in enterprises with flexible working arrangements, the end result is that the effect of the family on business life will increase. Nevertheless, as the tension increases in business people who do not have flexible working arrangements, the effect of the family on business life is increased.

PDF

___

Adiller, Leyla (2011). “İş-Aile Çatışmasının İş Stresi ve İş Tatminine Etkisi: Türkiye Havayolu Pilotları Derneği Üyeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası İşletmecilik Bilim Dalı, İstanbul).
Ahuja, Manju K., McKnight, D. Harrison, Chudoba, Katherine M., George, Joey F., Kacmar, Charles J. (2007). “It Road Warriors: Balancing Work-Family Conflict, Job Autonomy, and Work Overload to Mitigate Turnover Intentions”, MIS Quarterly, 31 (1): 1-17.
Aktaş, Aliye (2001). “Bir Kamu Kuruluşunun Üst Düzey Yöneticilerinin İş Stresi ve Kişilik Özellikleri”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 56 (4): 25-42.
Alkan Meşhur, H. Filiz (2007). “Geleceğin Çalışma Biçimi Tele Çalışmaya İlişkin Yaklaşımlar”, Akademik Bilişim’07 - IX. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı Bildirileri 31 Ocak - 2 Şubat 2007 Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, :265-272.
Arroba, Tanya, James, Kim (1990). “Reducing the Cost of the Stress: An Organizational Model”, Personnel Review, 19 (1): 21-27.
Atkinson, John (1984). “Manpower Strategies for Flexible Organisations”, Personnel Management, 15 (8): 28-31.
Aydın, İnayet (2008). “İş Yaşamında Stres”. Ankara: Pegem Akademi. 3. Baskı.
Baltes, Boris B., Briggs, Thomas E., Huff, Joseph W., Wright, Julie A., Neuman, George A. (1999). “Flexible and Compressed Workweek Schedules:A Meta-Analysis of Their Effects on Work-Related Criteria”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 84 (4): 496-513.
Bell, Amanda S., Rajendran, Diana, Theiler, Stephen (2012). “Job Stress, Wellbeing, Work-Life Balance and Work-Life Conflict Among Australian Academics”, Electronic Journal of Applied Psychology, 8 (1): 25-37.
Branine, Mohamed (2004). “Job Sharing and Equal Opportunities Under The New Public Management in Local Authorities”, International Journal of Public Sector Management, 17 (2): 136-152.
Bryman, Alan, Cramer, Duncan (2001).Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A Guide for Social Scientists, Londra ve New York: Taylor and Francis Group. Campbell Clark, Sue (2000). “Work/Family Border Theory: A New Theory of Work/Family Balance”, Human Relations, 53 (6): 747-770.
Chiang, Flora F.T., Birtch, Thomas A., Kwan, Ho Kwong (2010).“The Moderating Roles of Job Control and Work Life Balance Practices on Employee Stress in the Hotel and Catering Industry”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29: 5-32.
Chung, Heejung (2005). “Different Paths towards Flexibility: Deregulated Employment Protection or Temporary Employment”, Munich Personel RePEc Archive (MPRA) Working Paper, No. 2396.
Costa, Paul Jr., Mcrae, Robert R. (1990). “Personality: Another Hidden Factor in Stress Research”, Psychological Inquiry: An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory, 1 (1): 22-24.
Demir, Fevzi, Gerşil, Gülşen (2008). “Çalışma Hayatında Esneklik ve Türk Hukukunda Esnek Çalışma”, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (2): 68-89.
Di Milia, Lee (1998). “A Longitudinal Study of the Compressed Workweek: Comparing Sleep on a Weekly Rotating 8 H System to a Faster Rotating 12 H System”, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 21 (3–4): 199-207.
Durmuş, Beril, Yurtkoru, E. Serra, Çinko, Murat (2013). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık, 5. Baskı.
Ekmekçi, Ömer (2005). “4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu’nda Telafi Çalışması Kavramı, Koşulları ve Hükümleri”, Çimento Müstahsilleri İşverenleri Dergisi, 18 (6): 30-39.
Erdoğan, Tolga, Ünsar, Sinan, Süt, Necdet (2009). “Stresin Çalışanlar Üzerindeki Etkileri: Bir Araştırma”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14 (2): 447-461.
Forsyth, Stewart, Polzer‐Debruyne, Andrea (2007). “The Organisational Pay‐Offs for Perceived Work-Life Balance Support”, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 45(1): 113-123.
Frone, Michael R., Russell, Marcia, Cooper, M. Lynne (1992). “Antecedents and Outcomes of Work–Family Conflict: Testing A Model of the Work–Family Interface”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 77 (1): 65–78.
Heery, Edmund, Noon, Mike (2008). “A Dictionary of Human Resource Management”. London: Oxford University Press. 2. Baskı.
Humphreys, Peter C, Fleming Sile, O’Donnell Orla (2000). “Balancing Work and Family Life: The Role of Flexible Working Arrangements”, Balancing Work and Family Life: DSCFA Research Programme, Final Report, (Çevrimiçi) http://www.welfare.ie/en/downloads/work_fam.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 17.10.2017.
Iverson, Roderick D., Maguire, Catherine (2000). “The Relationship Between Job and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from a Remote Mining Community”, Human Relations, 53 (6): 807-839.
Iverson, Roderick D. (2000). “The Relationship Between Job and Life Satisfaction: Evidence From a Remote Mining Community”. Human Relations. Champoux, J.E. “The World of Nonwork: Some Implications for Job Redesign Efforts Personnel Psychology. (1980). Cilt. 33: 61-76.
Kalliath, Thomas, Brough, Paula (2008). “Work-Life Balance: A Review of the Meaning of the Balance Construct”, Journal of Management & Organization, 14 (3): 323–327.
Karakoyun, Yücel (2007). “Esnek Çalışma Yoluyla Kadınların İşgücüne Katılım Oranının ve İstihdamının Artırılması; İşkur’un Rolü”, (Uzmanlık Tezi, Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı Türkiye İş Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara).
Keller, Berndt, Seifert, Hartmut (2004). “Flexicurity – the German trajectory. In: Transfer: European”, Review of Labour and Research, 10 (2): 227-274.
Kelliher, Clare, Anderson, Deirdre (2010). “Doing More With Less? Flexible Working Practices and The Intensification of Work”, Human Relations, 63 (1): 83– 106.
Koçer, Canan (2015). “Kariyer Yönetimi-İş Stresi İlişkisi ve İmalat Sektöründe Bir Araştırma”, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme ABD, Eskişehir).
Kofodimos, Joan R. (1993). Balancing, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Management Series.
Köleoğlu, Duygu (2012). “Sosyal Güvenlik Sistemi Açısından Güvenceli Esneklik”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14 (1): 73-110.
Lindholm, Maud (2006). “Working Conditions, Psychosocial Resources and Work Stress in Nurses and Physicians in Chief Managers' Positions”, Journal of Nursing Management, 14 (4): 300-309.
Maxwell, Gill, Rankine, Laura, Bell, Sheena, MacVicar, Anna (2007). “The Incidence and Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements in Smaller Businesses”, Employee Relations, 29 (2): 138-161.
Netemeyer, Richard G., Boles, James, McMurrian, Robert (1996). “Develpoment and Validation of Work-Family Conflict and Family Work Conflict Scales”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81 (4): 400-410.
Riley, Michael, Lockwood, Andrew (1997). “Strategies and Measurement for Workforce Flexibility: An Application of Functional Flexibility in a Service Setting”, International Journal of Operations&Production Management, 17 (4): 413-419.
Roca-Puig, Vicente (2008). “External and Internal Labor Flexibility in Spaın: A Substitute Or Complementary Effect On Firm Performance?”, International Journal of Human Reosurces Management, 19 (6): 1131-1151.
Ruiz-Santos, Candelaria, Mercader, Josefa, McDonald, Frank (2003). “The Use of Contractual Working Time Flexibility by Spanish SMEs”, Personnel Review, 32 (2): 164-186.
Sarker Supratekk, Xiao, Xiao, Sarker, Saonee, Ahuja, Manju (2012). “Managing Employees’ Use of Mobile Technologies to Minimize Work/ Life Balance Impacts”, MIS Quarterly Executive, 11 (4): 143-157.
Schermerhorn, John R. (1989). Management for Productivity, New York: John Willey and Sons.
Schneiderman, Neil, Ironson, Gail, Siegel, Scott D. (2005). “Stress and Health: Psychological, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants”, HHS Author Manuscripts, Cilt. 1: 607–628.
Szabo, Sandor, Tache, Yvette, Somogyı, Arpad (2012). “The Legacy of Hans Selye and the Origins of Stress Research: A Retrospective 75 Years After His Landmark Brief “Letter” to the Editor of Nature”, Informa Healthcare, 15 (5): 472–478.
Tüselmann, Heinz Josef (1996). "Progress Towards Greater Labour Flexibility in Germany: The Impact of Recent Reforms", Employee Relations, 18 (1): 50-67.
Wallace, Jean E. (1999). “Work-to-Nonwork Conflict Among Married Male and Female Lawyers”, Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 20 (6): 797–816.
Zaim, Sabahattin (1990). Çalışma Ekonomisi. İstanbul: Filiz Kitabevi. 8.Baskı.
Zedeck, Sheldon (1987). “Work, Family, and Organizations: An Untapped Research Triangle”, IRLE Working Paper Series, No. 10-87, (Çevrimiçi), http://irle.berkeley.edu/files/1987/Work-Family-and-Organizations.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 26.10.2017.