FİRMA BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ ve BÖLGESEL FARKLILIKLAR

Firma büyüklüğü ve firma büyümesi arasındaki ilişki, Gibrat'ın (1931) çığır açıcı çalışmasından sonraiktisat literatüründe kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Mikro ölçekte ele alınan bu ilişki, istihdam ve geliryaratılmasından endüstriyel kalkınmaya uzanan makroekonomik sonuçları itibariyle önem taşımaktadır.Temel olarak Gibrat yasası firma büyümesinin firma büyüklüğünden bağımsız olduğunu öne sürer. Firmabüyümesinin doğası gereği heterojen olduğu ve büyüme örüntülerinin firmanın demografik özelliklerinebağlı olduğu görüşü pek çok teorik ve ampirik çalışma tarafından desteklenmiştir. Ancak, firmaların coğrafikonumlarının firma dinamikleri ve evrimi üzerindeki etkileri oldukça az araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Buçalışma, Gibrat yasasını bölgesel bir bağlamda ele alarak firma büyüklük dağılımlarını incelemeyiamaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada 2005-2015 dönemi için İBBS-2 düzeyinde imalat sanayiindeki firmalarınbüyüklük dağılımları ve bunların evrimi incelenecektir. Parametrik olmayan yoğunluk tahmin tekniğikullanılarak, firma büyüklüğünün ampirik dağılımlarının log-normal dağılıma yaklaşıp yaklaşmadığı testedilecektir. Çalışmanın temel bulgusu, firma büyüklük dağılımlarının, şekli ve evrimi açısından önemlibölgesel farklılıklar gösterdiği ve Gibrat yasasının öngördüğünden uzak olduğudur.

FIRM SIZE and REGIONAL DISPARITIES

The relationship between firm size and firm growth has been extensively studied in economics literature following Gibrat's (1931) groundbreaking work. This relationship handled at micro scale is important for its macroeconomic consequences ranging from employment and income generation to industrial development. Basically, Gibrat's law argues that firm growth is independent of firm size. The argument suggesting that firm growth is heterogeneous by nature and that growth patterns depend on the demographic characteristics of the firm has been supported by many theoretical and empirical studies. However, the effects of geographic location of firms on firm dynamics and evolution have been subject to very limited research. This study aims to analyze firm size distributions by considering Gibrat’s law in a regional context. In the study, the size distributions of manufacturing firms and their evolution will be examined at NUTS-2 level for the period of 2005-2015. Using non-parametric technique of density estimation, we will test whether the empirical distributions of firm size approximates to log-normal distribution or not. The main finding of the study reveal that firm size distributions shows significant regional differences in terms of its shape and evolution and they’re far from the distribution stipulated by the Gibrat’s law.

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