About sixty years have passed since the labor migration from Turkey to Western European Countries and Turks
have become a permanent society in these countries. In this study, the return intention of Turks to Turkey is
examined comparatively in Germany and the Netherlands. In this quantitative study, data was collected by
questionnaire from 596 Turkish immigrants who live in the city centers of Frankfurt and Duisburg in Germany,
Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Eindhoven, and s-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands. The results of the research showed
that employment status and citizenship are related to return intentions. In addition, host country identification, contact with the host society, orientation toward host culture, Turkish identity, contact with Turks, prejudice, and country were predictors of return intentions. These results are showed that the return intention is not only affected by individual factors, but also by the immigration policies of countries. Both individual and structuralfactors are contributed to the return intention of Turks in Germany and the Netherlands.

Almanya ve Hollanda’daki Türklerin Geri Dönüş Niyetleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma

Türkiye’den Batı Avrupa Ülkelerine yönelik emek göçünden bu yana yaklaşık altmış yıl geçmiş ve Türkler bu ülkelerde kalıcı bir toplum haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada ulus-ötesi toplum olarak da adlandırılan Almanya ve Hollanda’daki Türklerin, Türkiye’ye geri dönme niyetleri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Nicel araştırma deseni kullanılan çalışmada Almanya’nın Frankfurt ve Duisburg, Hollanda’nın Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Eindhoven ve s-Hertogenbosch kent merkezlerindeki 596 Türk göçmenden anket formu ile veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, girişimci olma durumu ve vatandaşlığın geri dönme niyeti ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca ev sahibi toplumun kültürünü, kimliğini benimseme ve ev sahibi toplumla iletişimin geri dönüş niyetinin yordayıcıları olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra Türk kimliğini benimseme, Türklerle iletişim ve Türkiye’deki Türklerle iletişim ve önyargı da geri dönüş niyetinin yordayıcıları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, geri dönüş niyetinin sadece bireysel faktörlerden değil, aynı zamanda ülkelerin göç politikalarından da etkilendiğini göstermektedir. Almanya ve Hollanda’daki Türklerin geri dönüş niyetinde bireysel ve yapısal faktörlerler birlikte etkili olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tersine göç, geri dönüş niyeti, ulus-aşırı göçmen, ulus-aşırı toplum, Türk göçmenler, Türk toplumu, kültürleşme, kimlik.

The Comparative Study on Return Intention of Turkish Migrants living in Germany and The Netherlands

About sixty years have passed since the labor migration from Turkey to Western European Countries and Turks have become a permanent society in these countries. In this study, the return intention of Turks to Turkey is examined comparatively in Germany and the Netherlands. In this quantitative study, data was collected by questionnaire from 596 Turkish immigrants who live in the city centers of Frankfurt and Duisburg in Germany, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Eindhoven, and s-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands. The results of the research showed that employment status and citizenship are related to return intentions. In addition, host country identification, contact with the host society, orientation toward host culture, Turkish identity, contact with Turks, prejudice, and country were predictors of return intentions. These results are showed that the return intention is not only affected by individual factors, but also by the immigration policies of countries. Both individual and structuralfactors are contributed to the return intention of Turks in Germany and the Netherlands.

Keywords:

Return migration, return intention, transnational migration, transnational society, Turkish migrants, Turkish society, acculturation, identity.,

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