When an American Minister Put His Faith in the Power of Islam: Muslim Medicine, Reason, and Public Health in the Modern World

Bu makale Osmanlı biliminin önde gelen bir Amerikan Protestan Hıristiyan Din Adamı Cotton Mather aracılığı ile Anglo-Atlantik dünyasına çiçek aşısı ile nasıl yardım ettiğini, 1721 yılında Boston'da yayılan çiçek salgını sırasında bu aşının nasıl birçok hayatı kurtardığını ve Batı'da kamu sağlığı hizmetini geliştirdiğini incelemektedir. Bu makale Anglo-Amerikan Atlantik aleminde onyedinci ve onsekizinci yüzyılda öne çıkan iki anlayışı da yansıtmaktadır: Avrupa Aydınlanması ve bu aydınlanmayı tanıyarak bunun fikri ve sosyal başarılarından faydalanmak isteyen İslam medeniyeti. Bu makale İslam bilimi ve Amerikan tarihi ile ilgili iki önyargıya karşı çıkmaktadır: birinci olarak İslam biliminin Orta Çağ'dan sonra durgunluğa girip Rönesans sonrası Avrupa'nın gerisine düştüğü önyargısı; ikinci olarak İslam ve Müslümanların ondokuzuncu yüzyıldan önce Amerikan tarihine bir katkıda bulunmadıkları önyargısı. Ayrıca bu makale Cotton Mather'in Amerikan tarihindeki önemini yeniden ele almaktadır. Düşünce alemindeki başarılarına rağmen, Mather genel olarak Puritan Hıristiyan düşüncesine sıkı bağlılığı ve Amerikan tarihinin en kötü adaletsiz uygulamalarından biri olan Salem Cadı Yargılamalarını (1692) savunması ile bilinmektedir

Bir Amerikan Rahibi İslamın Gücüne Güvendiğinde: Modern Dünyada Müslüman Tıbbı, Akılcılık ve Kamu Sağlığı

This paper discusses how Ottoman science helped a prominent American Protestant Christian Theologian, Cotton Mather , and the Anglo-Atlantic World accept inoculation--a process that saved lives from Smallpox in Boston in 1721 and led to advances in public health in the West. The process reflected the intersection of two trends in the AngloAmerican Atlantic world in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: the European Enlightenment and a vision of Islamic civilization that recognized and sought to benefit from its intellectual and social achievements. It also challenges two misconceptions about Islamic science and American history: first, Islamic science stagnated after the medieval period and fell behind European medicine after the Renaissance; second, Islam and Muslims did not contribute to American history before the nineteenth century. In addition, this paper reframes Cotton Mather's place in American history. Despite his intellectual achievements, he is almost universally remembered for his unyielding adherence to Puritan Christian dogma and defense of the Salem Witch Trials (1692)--one of the worst miscarriages of justice in American history

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