Geç ortaçağ avrupasında lonca teşkilatı

Bu çalışmada Ortaçağ Avrupasında ticaret ve endüstriyel hayatın anahtarı kabul edilen loncalar en belirgin yönleriyle anlatılmaktadır. Başlangıçta karşıt hareketler olarak ortaya çıkmış olan loncalar zamanla yasal otorite ve gönüllü birlik kavramlarını da içeren tek bir hareket olarak tek bir amaç etrafında birleştirilmişlerdir. Bu birleşme geç Ortaçağda lonca teşkilatlarını baskın hale getirerek dini, içtimai ve siyasi hayatı etkilemelerini sağlamış, ekonomide hızlı bir değişime sebep olmuştur. Loncaların kurulmasıyla üretici ve tüketici hakları korunmuş, kaliteli ürünlerin yetiştirilmesi ve satılması ile birlikte ticaret hayatında yeni bir dönem başlamıştır. Tarım sektöründeki iyileşmeler ve kaliteli ürünlerin artışı nüfus artışını sağlamışsa da ekonomideki bu olumlu etkiler, XVI. yüzyılda son bulmuştur.

The guild organization in the late medieval europe

This study covers the most common features of guilds, which were regarded as the key components of economic and industrial life, in the late medieval Europe. Started as opposition movements, the guilds in time united with a common goal as one movement under the rule of law with voluntarily participation. This unification made guilds in late medieval Europe a dominant group and helped them to influence the religious, social, and political life and brought rapid economic change. With the foundation of guilds the rights of producers and consumers were protected, the quality of products improved, and a new period emerged in trade. Although the improvements in agricultural production and in the quality of goods helped to increase the population, these positive effects on economy ended in the sixteenth century.

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