Levent GENÇ, Hanife GENÇ, İsmail KAVDIR, Hakan TURHAN, Yasemin KAVDIR

Bitkisel üretim ve uzaktan algılama

Dünyada ve Ülkemizde çiftçiler sürekli olarak tarımsal uğraşlardan elde edecekleri kazancın nasıl maksimum düzeyde tutulabileceğini hesaplamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yeni tekniklerin hassas tarım kavramı çerçevesinde kullanılması için dünyada devlet ve çiftçi organizasyonları üreticilere eğitim, ekonomik ve teknolojik destekler vermektedir. Bu destekler uzun ve kısa vadede tarımsal üretimi etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve problemlerin lokal düzeyde dolayısıyla bölgesel düzeyde çözmeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu derlemede Uzaktan Algılamanın (UA) genel ve tarımsal açıdan öneminin yanından özellikle tarımsal faaliyetlerde ortaya çıkan yada çıkması olası problemlerin belirlenmesine yönelik teknikler ve çözüm yaklaşımları tartışılacaktır. Dünyada yapılan UA alt bilimiyle Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Küresel Yer Belirleme Sistemleri (GPS) teknolojilerinin birlikte kullanıldığı örnek çalışmalar ile, hassas tarımda UA yaklaşımlarının kullanılma olanaklarını yansıtılacaktır. Özelikle renkli ve kızıl ötesi hava fotoğrafları (Color Infrared) (CIR) ile uydu görüntülerinin yeteneklerini test eden çalışmalar özetlenerek sunulacaktır. Son olarak, bu derleme ile, tarımsal ürünleri ve üretimi optimum düzeye ulaştırmayı hedefleyen ve bu konularda araştırma yapan ulusal kurumlara, UA yaklaşımlarının kullanılma olanakları ve özellikle bitkisel üretimi etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi hakkında bilgi aktarımı hedeflenmektedir.

Crop production and remote sensing

The farmers constantly search the ways in order to maximize their profits all over the world and Turkey. It becomes to be important to use new technologies to increase the overall returns. In order to achieve that both the government and farmer associations support the farmers financially and also provide education, new information and technologies. Precision agriculture is partially resulting of these supported programs. Determining the short and long-term factors affecting crop production may help to solve the problems at local as well as global level. Using Remote Sensing (RS) with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) may provide knowledge needed for farmers to maximize their benefits. However, most farmers do not have the access to these technologies. Even if they access, they don't have the skills to utilize these technologies effectively. In this review, high-resolution color infrared (CIR) and satellite image capabilities will be demonstrated for detecting and analyzing spatial and spectral variability in the yield. Finally this study will also help farmer organizations and government agencies that provide new information and technologies such as RS to farmers in order to detect some factors affecting to maximize crop production and their returns.

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