2011

Tersine Lojistik: Önemi ve Dünyadaki Uygulamaları

Tersine lojistik hammadde, yarı mamul, nihai ürün ve ilgili bilgilerin tüketim noktasından orijin noktasına doğru, değer kazanımı veya uygun sekilde yok edilme sağlamak amacı ile etkin akısının planlama, uygulama ve kontrol aktivitesidir. Bu açıdan tersine lojistik, firmaların çevresel açıdan daha etkin olmalarını da sağlayan bir süreçtir. Dünyada birçok firma, tersine lojistiğin hem ekonomik hem de çevresel açıdan önemini fark etmis ve bunu isletme misyonlarına tasımıs bulunmaktadır. Đyi bir tersine lojistik uygulaması, firmanın hammadde ve materyal edinim maliyetini azaltarak, müsterinin satın alma riskini düsürerek, tepki süresini kısaltarak, sosyal sorumluluğu yerine getirerek ve ‘çevreci firma’ imajını iyilestirerek, firmaya rekabetçi avantaj sağlar. Đsletmeler için geçerli olan bu çevresel ve maliyete dayalı fırsatların yanında, tersine lojistik, artık birçok ülkede geçerli olan yasal düzenlemeler ile de zorunlu hale gelmektedir. Bu sebeple firmalar sadece kendilerini değil, çalıstıkları tedarikçilerini de bu bağlamda seçmektedir. Bu çalısma, tersine lojistiği, içerdiği süreçlerini, bazı önemli yasal düzenlemeleri tanımlamakta ve mevcut uygulamalar ile eğilimler hakkında bilgi vermektedir.

The Importance and Current Practices of Reverse Logistics

Reverse logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value or proper disposal. Reverse logistics is a process whereby firms can become more environmentally efficient. In the world, many firms have begun to realize that reverse logistics is important and often strategic part of their business mission. Good reverse logistics practices can make a firm more competitive by reducing the (raw)material cost, diminishing the customer’s risk when buying a product, the market response time, fulfilling social responsibilities and improving the ‘greener image’. In addition environmental and cost benefits, reverse logistics can minimize the threat of governmental regulations. This paper defines reverse logistics and activities in practice and aims to describe surrounding trends in reverse logistics practices. An overview of the current state and estimated size of reverse logistics activities are also presented.

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