ÖRGÜTSEL SOSYAL SERMAYENİN İNŞASINDA ÇALIŞANLARIN DEĞİŞEN ROLÜ: RICHARD SENNETT'IN PERSPEKTİFİNDEN YENİ KAPİTALİZM ÖRGÜTLERİNE BAKIŞ*

Bu çalışmada, yeni kapitalizmin örgütler üzerindeki etkisi sosyal sermaye kavramından yararlanılarak sorgulanmaktadır. Konunun kapsamı geniş olduğundan, Richard Sennett'ın yeni kapitalizm perspektifinden kesit alınarak sorgulamanın gerçekleştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Richard Sennett'a göre sosyal sermaye, aşağıdan yukarıya doğru inşa edilmesi gerekir; ancak, azalan sadakat, enformel güven ve kurumsal bilgi ile aşınmıştır. Konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda da, yapısal sosyal sermayenin zayıfladığı izlenmektedir. İlk bakışta ve Sennett'ın perspektifinden bu durum olumsuz olarak görünse de, yeni kapitalizmin gereğidir: Esnekleşen ve basıklaşan örgütlerin Merkezi, stratejik bilgiyi muhafaza edebilmek için Çevresi (proje takımları) ile bağlarını koparmıştır. Örgütler, yeni kapitalizmin gereği olarak, hissedarların beklentilerini karşılık verebilmek üzere hızlanmış, hızlanmak için düşük otoriteyi benimsemiştir. Düşük otoriteye sahip örgütler, Çevre üzerindeki kontrolünü kaybetmemek için bilgiyi stratejik bir araç olarak kullanmaktadır. Örgütsel konumların değeri, eskiden, çalışan tarafından üretilirken; yeni kapitalizm örgütlerinde çalışanlar "üretilen değeri" realize etmektedir.

CHANGING ROLES OF EMPLOYEES' IN ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIAL CAPITAL BUILDING: RICHARD SENNETT'S PERSPECTIVE ON NEW CAPITALISM ORGANIZATIONS

This study uses organizational social capital concept to interrogate impacts of the new capitalism on organizations within the perspective of Richard Sennett. While Sennett states that social capital requires to be built from bottom up, he implies deficits of loyalty, informal trust, and accumulated institutional knowledge. By this way, he argues, the capitalist organizations diminish their social capital. When researches on new capitalism organization are evaluated in terms of social capital, it is seen that structural dimension of social capital is weak. At first glance and within the Sennett's perspective, this can be interpreted negative. But outcomes of these organizations are positive, they keep eroding. Answers are hidden in Sennett's, also: (1) To preserve strategic knowledge in flexible and flattened organizations, Center of organization cuts off ties with its Sphere (project teams). (2) Organizations speed up to meet their shareholders' expectations. And speeding up requires low authority. Organization with low authority, knowledge turns to strategic tool for controlling Sphere. While value of positions were created by employees in the past; in the new capitalism era, "created value" is realized by them.

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