Prematür İnfantlarda Patent Duktus Arteriozusun Erken Cerrahi Sonuçları
Amaç: Prematür bebeklerde sık görülen, soldan sağa şant ve mortalite ilemorbiditenin önemli bir nedeni olan patent duktus arteriozusun, mekanikventilatörde uzun süre takipli, bronkopulmoner displazi veya respiratuardistres sendromu gibi respiratuar problemleri olan veya medikal tedaviyerağmen patent duktus arteriozusları kapanmayan hastalarda cerrahi ile erkendönemde kapatılmasının, doğum sonrası dönemde gelişebilecekkomplikasyonların önlenmesi açısından güvenilir bir yöntem olduğunuliteratür destekli sunmaktır.Gereçve Yöntem: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi KalpDamar Cerrahisi bölümünde 2006-2015 yılları arasında yapılan, prematürdoğum öyküsü olan ve ek kardiyak patolojisi olmayan 32 patent duktusarteriozus vakası çalışmaya dahil edildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 32 hastanın 14’ü (%43,7) kız, 18 ‘i (%56,3)erkekti. Operasyon öncesi en sık görülen rahatsızlık respiratuar distressendromu idi (n=20). Hastaların 22 tanesi(%68,7) pediatrik yoğun bakımdaentübe takip edilmekteydi. Cerrahi prosedür; medikal tedavi ile duktuslarıkapanmayan veya intrakranial kanama, böbrek yetmezliği veyatrombositopeni gibi medikal tedavinin kontrendike olduğu vakalarauygulandı.Serimizde eksitus oranı %15,6 idi (n=5). Mekanik ventilatördenayrılma süreleri ortalama 6,2 gündü. Postoperatif ekokardiyografikontrollerinde erken dönemde yineleyen patent duktus arteriozus görülmedi.Sonuç:Prematür bebeklerde patent duktus arteriozusa bağlı doğum sonrasıgelişebilecek mortal ve morbid tabloları engellemek için patent duktusarteriozus, medikal tedavinin başarısız olduğu veya genel durumu kritikmekanik ventilatör bağımlı infantlardaşanta bağlı ikincil organ yetmezliğigelişmeden önce postnatal erken dönemde güvenli bir şekilde kapatılabilir.
Early Surgical Results of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature Infants
Objective:Our aim is to evaluate the closure of patent ductus arteriosus through surgery at an early stage, commonly seen in premature infants and a leading cause of left-to-right shunt and mortality/morbidity, as a safe modality to prevent complications that may develop in postnatal preiod in patients with bronchopulmonary displasia or respiratory distress syndrome followed up in mechanical ventilation, and whose ductus arteriosus can not be closed despite medical treatment. Material and Methods:Thirty two cases of patent ductus arteriosus with premature birth history and no additional cardiac pathology, performed in the Department of Cardiovascular Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan University between 2006-2015 were included into the study. Results:Of the 32 patients, 14 (43,7%) were females and 18 (56,3%) were males. The most frequently seen preoperative disorder was respiratory distress syndrome(n=20). Twenty-two (68%) of the patients were following as intubated in newborn intensive care unit. Surgical procedure was performed in patients whose ductus were not closed via medical treatmentorin whom medical treatment was contraindicated for problems such as intracranial hemorrhage, renal failure or thrombocytopenia. Excitus rate was 15,6% (n=5) in our series. Removal time of mechanical ventilation was average 6,2 days. Postoperative echocardiography showed no recurrence of patent ductus arteriosus. Conclusion:Prevention of postnatal mortality and morbidity due to patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants can be achieved by early surgical closure during postnatal early period before secondary organ failure due to shunting develops and infants with critical general status-dependent on mechanical vantilation-,and for whom medical treatment is unsuccessful.
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