Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Umutsuzluk ve Yaşam Kalitesi Düzeyleri

Amaç: Hemodiyaliz tedavisi sosyal yaşamın kısıtlanması, umutsuzluk, rol değişiklikleri, üzüntü, depresyon, anksiyete ve gelecek hakkında belirsizlik gibi psikososyal sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Bu problemeler yaşam kalitesini tehdit edebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hemodiyaliz hastalarında umutsuzluk, yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara il merkezinde bulunan dört hemodiyaliz ünitesinde tedavi görmekte olan 320 hasta oluşturmuştur. Veriler Hasta Bilgi Formu, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği, EQ-5D Genel Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ve EQ-5D VAS ile 2016 yılında toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Ölçek puan ortalamaları Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği için 9.63±5.56, EQ-5D Index için 0.57±0.32 ve EQ-5D VAS için 57.0±22.20’dir. Hastaların çoğu fiziksel, ruhsal veya sosyal sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Boşanmış/dul, okur-yazar ve başka bir kronik hastalığı olan hastaların, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği puan ortalaması daha yüksek ve EQ-5D VAS puan ortalaması daha düşüktür. Yaş, çocuk sayısı ve tedavi süresi ile Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği puanları arasında pozitif; aynı değişkenler ile EQ-5D VAS puanları arasında ise negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği puanları ile EQ-5D VAS puanları arasında neatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Boşanmış/dul, okur-yazar ve başka kronik hastalığı olan hastalar daha çok umutsuzluk yaşamaktadır ve genel sağlık düzeyleri daha düşüktür. Yaş, çocuk sayısı ve tedavi süresi arttıkça umutsuzluk düzeyi artmakta ve genel sağlık düzeyi düşmektedir. Umutsuzluk düzeyinin artması genel sağlık düzeyini de olumsuz etkilemektedir.

Hopelessness and Quality of Life Levels in Hemodialysis Patients

Objective: Hemodialysis treatment causes psychosocial problems likerestrictions on social life, hopelessness, role changes, sadness, depression,anxiety and uncertainty about the future. So this problems may threat thequality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the hopelessnessand quality of life of the hemodialysis patients and the effective factors.Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 320 hemodialysis patientsfrom four hemodialysis centers in the province of Ankara. The data werecollected by using Patient Information Form, Beck Hopelessness Scale andEQ-5D General Quality of Life Scale and EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (EQ-5DVAS) in 2016.Results: Mean scale score was 9.63±5.56 for Beck HopelessnessScale,0.57±0.32 for EQ-5D Index, and 57.0±22.20 for EQ-5D VAS. Most of thepatient experienced physical, mental or social problems. The patients, whowere widowed/divorced, were literate, and had another chronic disease, hadhigher Beck Hopelessness Scale mean score and lower EQ-5D VAS meanscore. It was found that there was a positive correlation between BeckHopelessness Scale scores and age, number of children, and treatmentduration; and a negative correlation between EQ-5D VAS scores and age,number of children, and treatment duration. There was a negativecorrelation between Beck Hopelessness Scale scores and EQ-5D VAS scores.Conclusion: The patients who were divorced/widowed, were literate andhad another chronic disorder experienced more hopelessness and had lowerlevel of general health. Increasing age, number of children, and treatmentduration increased hopelessness and decreased general health. Theincreased hopelessness level also had a negative effect on the level of health.

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