İç Karışıklıklarda Yabancı Yatırımların Korunması: Ukrayna Örneği

Çalışmamızda şiddet içerikli iç karışıklıklarda yabancı yatırımların korunması meselesi Ukrayna'da 2013 yılında başlayan iç karışıklıklar örneği üzerinden incelenmiştir. Yabancı yatırımların iç karışıklıklarda uğradığı fizikî tahribata ilişkin ev sahibi devletin giderim yükümlülüğünün, ev sahibi devletin millî hukuku ve milletlerarası hukuktan kaynaklanabildiği açıklandıktan sonra, milletlerarası hukuktan kaynaklanan yükümlülükler üzerinde durulmuştur. Milletlerarası hukukta anlaşmadan ve (veya) milletlerarası teamül hukukundan kaynaklanan yükümlülükler ve bu yükümlülüklere ilişkin milletlerarası içtihat incelenmiştir. Milletlerarası yatırım anlaşmalarında yer alan tam koruma ve güvenlik hükümleri ile savaş hükümleri ayrıntısı ile açıklanmış, en çok gözetilen millet muamelesi hükmünün bu alanda uygulanması ihtimâli ve gerekliliği üzerinde durulmuştur. Yatırım anlaşmasında objektif koruma yükümlülüğü bulunmayan yatırımlara uygulanmak üzere, milletlerarası teamül hukukundan kaynaklanan asgarî muamele yükümlülüğünün iç karışıklıklarda yabancı yatırımları korumak yönünde uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir. Çalışmadaki tüm bu incelemeler, Türkiye-Ukrayna Yatırım Anlaşması hususiyetle dikkate alınarak yapılmıştır

Protection of Foreign Investments During Civil Disturbances: The Case of Ukraine

This study analyses the issue of protection of foreign investments in case of civil disturbances and it takes the recent case of Ukraine as its observation area. After examining domestic legal obligations of Ukraine vis-à-vis foreign investments, the study focuses on international obligations to protect foreign investments from physical harm. Two sources of international obligations, namely treaty and customary obligations, are examined through an extensive investment case-law survey. Among treaty obligations, the ones stemming from full protection and security clauses and war clauses are explored in depth. The possibility to import full protection and security obligations through the most favoured nation clause is also analysed, in order to fill the gap of full protection and security clause in the Turkey-Ukraine bilateral investment treaty. Lastly, for the case of no applicable treaty obligations, the customary obligation of minimum standard of treatment pertaining to physical protection is examined. The analysis in the study is conducted specifically through the perspective of possible investment claims made by Turkish investors against Ukraine

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Çalışmada yalnızca bir kere atıf yapılan kararlara kararlar listesinde yer verilmemiştir. Bu

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