Essential oil profile of six spontaneous hybrids from male sterile Salvia officinalis L.

Herbal medicines and beverages have started to take an essential place in our daily lives. S. officinalis is one of the most used herbal tea species in the sage family. Secondary metabolites, especially essential oils, plays an important role in its biological properties. S. officinalis essential oil is mostly rich in camphor and thujone, which of these compounds could be toxicological. In the present study, six spontaneous hybrid plants and their parents were analyzed for their essential oil contents. Male sterile S. officinalis were used as maternal plant, S. fruticosa and S. aramiensis were probable paternals where they were cultivated nearby. Grown plants were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Essential oil compounds were used to identify their relation to each other. The main components of S. officinalis were thujone (40.97%), 1,8-cineole (24.65%) and camphor (19.37%). 1,8-cineole content of hybrid genotypes were varied between 35.13-64.92%. Camphor level of hybrids were varied in lower levels as between 2.92-26.35% while thujone content were very low compared to the maternal S. officinalis as 0.95-6.83%.

PDF

___

Arslan, N. (2014). Yetiştirilen Bitkiler. In a. Güner & T. Ekim (Eds.), Resimli Türkiye florası vol 1 (P 295-318). İstanbul: Ali Nihat Gökyiğit Vakfı, Flora Araştırmaları Derneği and Türliye İş Bankası Kültür yayını, ISBN: 978-605-332-220-7.
Bahadirli, N.P., Ayanoglu F. (2019). Preliminary results: Assessment of new Salvia chemotypes for herbal tea industry by hybridization. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, 62(1), 501-506.
Bahtiyarca Bağdat, R., Çinkaya, N., Yüksel Demiray, K., Bozdemir, Ç., Çakır, E. (2017). Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) breeding studies in central Anatolian climatic conditions. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 4(3), 499-507. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.377416
Carović-Stanko, K., Petek, M., Grdiša, M., Pintar, J., Bedeković, D., Ćustić, M.H., Satovic, Z., (2016). Medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae as functional foods - a review. Czech Jornal of Food Sciences, 34, 377-390. https://doi.org/10.17221/504/2015-CJFS
Cvetkovikj, I., Stefkov, G., Karapandzova, M., Kulevanova, M. (2015). Essential oil composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill. populations from Balkan Peninsula. Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 61(1), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2015.61.01.004
Davis, P.H. (1982). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegeans Islands (Vol: 1-11). England: The Edinburg University Press. ISBN: 978-085-224-396-1.
Doğan, M., Pehlivan, S., Akaydın, G., Bağcı, E., Uysal, F., Doğan, İ. (2008). Türkiye’de yayılış gösteren Salvia L. (Labiatae) cinsinin taxonomik revizyonu. Tübitak Proje No: 104 T 450. Retrived from https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/proje/TnpRMU1URT0/turkiye-de-yayilis-gosteren-salvia-l-labiatae-cinsinin-taxonomik-revizyonu (Accessed 05.01.2020).
Dudai, N., Lewinsohn,E. Larkov, O., Katzir, I., Ravid, U., Chaimovitsh, D., Sa’adi, D., Putievsky, E. (1999). Dynamics of Yield Components and Essential Oil Production in a Commercial Hybrid Sage (Salvia officinalis L.×Salvia fruticosa ev.) Neve Ya’ar No: 4. Journal Agriculture Food Chemistry, 47, 4341-4345. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9901587
EMA/European Medicines Agency (2016). European Union herbal monograph on Salvia officinalis L., folium. In: Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products. Available via EMA. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-monograph/final-european-union-herbal-monograph-salvia-officinalis-l-folium-revision-1_en.pdf (Accessed 01.02.2020).
Evropi-Sofia, D. (2013). “Cultivation of plants of the genus Salvia”, Master Thesis, Aristotle University Thessaloniki.
Exarchou, V., Kanetis, L., Charalambous, Z., Apers, S., Pieters, L., Gekas, V., Goulas V. (2015). HPLC-SPE-NMR characterization of major metabolites in Salvia fruticosa Mill. extract with antifungal potential: relevance of carnosic acid, carnosol, and hispidulin. Journal of Agricultural Food Che-mistry, 63(2), 457-63. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5050734
Gonceariuc, M. (2014). Moldavian medicinal and aromatic plants. Hop and Medicinal Plants, 22(1-2), 51-62.
Haque, M.S., and K.K. Ghoshal, K.K. (1981). Floral biology and breeding system in the genus Salvia L. Proc. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 5, 716-724.
Hedge, I.C. (1982). Salvia L. In P. H. Davis (Ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Agean Islands Vol: 7 (p 400-461). Edinburg, Edinburg University Press. ISBN: 978-085-224-396-1.
Herraiz-Peñalver, D., Ortiz de Elguea-Culebras, G., Sánchez-Vioque, R., Santana Méridas, O. (2015). Identification of a hybrid species of sage (Salvia officinalis L. × S. lavandulifolia subsp. lavandulifolia) through the study of the essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 27(5), 363-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2015.1031918
Jug-Dujakovic, M., Ristic, M., Pljevljakusic, D., Dajic-Stevanovic, Z., Liber, Z., Hnacevic, K., Radic, T., Satovic, Z. (2012). High diversity of indigenous populations of Dalmatian Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in essential-oil composition. Chemistry & Diversity, 9, 2309-2323. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201200131
Karik, U., Tunctürk, M. (2019). Production, trade and future perspective of medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey. Anadolu, Journal of AARI, 26(2), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.660316
Kintzios, S.E. (2000). Sage: The genus Salvia. Netherlands: Taylor and Francis, ISBN: 9789058230058. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203304556
Kusaksiz, G. (2019). Rare and endemic taxa of Lamiaceae in Turkey and their threat categories. Journal of Scientific Perspectives, 3(1), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.26900/jsp.3.008
Linnert, G. (1955). Die struktur der pacthytanchromosomen in euchromatin und heterochromatin und ihre auswirkung auf die chiasmabildung bei Salvia-arten. Chromosoma, 7, 90-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329721
Pavlidou, V., Karpouhtsis, I., Franzios, G., Zambetaki, A., Scouras, Z., Mavragani Tsipidou, P. (2004). Insecticidal and genotoxic effects of essential oils of Greek sage, Salvia fruticosa, and Mint, Mentha pulegium, on Drosophila melanogaster and Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology, 21(1), 39-49.
Putievsky, E., Ravid, U., Diwan-Rinzler, N., Zohary, D. (1990). Genetic affinities and essential oil composition of Salvia offcinalis L., S. fruticosa Mill., S. tomentosa Mill. and their hybrids. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 5, 121-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.2730050213
Radosavljević, I., Bogdanović, S., Celep, F., Filipović, M., Satovic, Z., Surina, B., Liber, Z. (2019). Morphological, genetic and epigenetic aspects of homoploid hybridization between Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia fruticosa Mill. Scientific Reports 9(3276), 2045-2322. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40080-0
Rivera, D., Obon, C., Alcaraz, F., Reales, A., Barrena, J.A. (2019). Typification of Salvia xauriculata (Labiatea). Taxon, 68(2), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12068
Sarrou, E., Martens, S., Chatzopoulou, P. (2016). Metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.) under the influence of genotype and harvesting period. Industrial Crops and Products, 94, 240-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.08.022
Senel, F.S., Orhan, I., Celep, F., Kahraman, A., Doğan, M., Yilmaz, G., Şener, B. (2010). Survey of 55 Turkish Salvia taxa for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry, 12, 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.066 Tanu, B., Harpreet, K. (2016). Benefits of essential oil. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(6), 143-149.
Tisserand, R., Young, R. (2014). Essential oil safety, a guide for health care professionals. Elsevier. ISBN: 978-044-306-241-4.