İran’ın batı bölgesinde sağlıklı broylerlerdeki Escherichia coli’lerde geniş spektrumlu beta laktamazların fenotipik ve moleküler identifikasyonu

Amaç: İnsana yayılma olasılığı yüksek olduğu için kümes hayvanlarında genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (GSBL) genlerinin fekal taşıyıcılarının varlığı endişe verici bir durumdur. Bu çalışma, İran'ın batısında sağlıklı broyler bağırsağından izole edilen Escherichia coli'deki ESBL taşıyıcılarının sıklığını tahmin etmek için yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Görünüş olarak sağlıklı broilerden toplam 300 dışkı örneği toplandı. E. coli suşları izole edildi, moleküler olarak doğrulandı ve disk kombinasyon yöntemi, antimikrobiyal duyarlılık testi ve ESBL-saptama polimeraz zincir reaksiyonları (PZR) kullanılarak incelendi. Bulgular: 285 E. coli suşu, biyokimyasal olarak izole edildi ve hepsi, türe özgü bir PZR reaksiyonuyla doğrulandı. Fenotipik yöntemle saptanan 156 ESBL üreten E. coli üzerinde antimikrobiyal duyarlılık testi, bunların % 100'ünün en az bir antibiyotiğe dirençli olduğunu, bunların hepsinin de imipeneme duyarlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. BlaTEM, blaCTX-M ve blaSHV genlerinin prevalansı sırasıyla% 52.63,% 38.59 ve% 30.17 idi. Birkaç ESBL geninin eşzamanlı varlığı, izolatların % 52.61'inde tespit edilmiştir. Öneri: Kümes hayvanlarında çoklu dirençli ESBL taşıyıcılarının yaygınlığı, halk sağlığına yönelik bir tehdittir. Bölgedeki kümes hayvanları endüstrisinde tutarlı izleme ve uygun antibiyotik kullanımı uygulanmalıdır.

Phenotypic and molecular identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli in healthy broilers at the west region of Iran

Aim: The presence of fecal carriers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes in poultry is worrisome because itis likely to spread to a human being. This study was proposedto estimate the frequency of ESBLs carriers in Escherichia coliisolated from healthy broiler’s gut in west of Iran.Materials and Methods: A total of 300 fecal samples were collectedfrom apparently healthy broiler. E. coli strains were isolated,confirmed molecularly and studied using disk combinationmethod, antimicrobial susceptibility test and ESBL-detectionpolymerase chain reactions (PCR).Results: Two hundred and eighty five strains of E. coli wereisolated biochemically and all were confirmed in a speciesspecificPCR reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility test on 156ESBL-producing E. coli identified by phenotypic method revealedthat 100 % of them were resistant to at least one antibiotic,while all were sensitive to imipenem. The prevalence of blaTEM,blaCTX-M, and blaSHV genes was 52.63%, 38.59%, and 30.17%respectively. The simultaneous existence of several ESBL geneswas identified in 52.61% of the isolates.Conclusions: The vast prevalence of ESBL carriers with multipleresistance in poultry is a threat to public health. Consistentmonitoring and proper use of antibiotics in the region’s poultryindustry should be applied.

PDF

___

Aalipour F, Mirlohi M, Jalali M, 2014. Determination of antibiotic consumption index for animal originated foods produced in animal husbandry in Iran, 2010. J Environ Health Sci Eng, 12, 42.
Borjesson S, Egervarn M, Lindblad M, Englund S, 2013. Frequent occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and transferable ampc beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli on domestic chicken meat in Sweden. Appl Environ Microbiol, 79, 2463-2466.
Bortolaia V, Larsen J, Damborg P, Guardabassi L, 2011. Potential pathogenicity and host range of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy poultry. Appl Environ Microbiol, 77, 5830-5833.
Bradford PA, 2001. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev, 14, 933-951.
Brinas L, Moreno MA, Zarazaga M, Porrero C, Saenz Y, Garcia M, Dominguez L, Torres C, 2003. Detection of CMY-2, CTX-M-14, and SHV-12 beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli fecal-sample isolates from healthy chickens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 47, 2056-2058.
Canton R, Coque TM, 2006. The CTX-M beta-lactamase pandemic. Curr Opin Microbiol, 9, 466-475.
Carattoli A, 2008. Animal reservoirs for extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers. Clin Microbiol Infect, 1, 117- 123.
Chishimba K, Hang'ombe BM, Muzandu K, Mshana SE, Matee MI, Nakajima C, Suzuki Y, 2016. Detection of Extended- Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Market-Ready Chickens in Zambia. Int J Microbiol, 2016, 5275724.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), 2012. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 22th informational supplement, M100-S20. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA.
Colom K, Perez J, Alonso R, Fernandez-Aranguiz A, Larino E, Cisterna R, 2003. Simple and reliable multiplex PCR assay for detection of blaTEM, bla(SHV) and blaOXA-1 genes in Enterobacteriaceae. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 223, 147-151.
Costa D, Vinue L, Poeta P, Coelho AC, Matos M, Saenz Y, Somalo S, Zarazaga M, Rodrigues J, Torres C, 2009. Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates in faecal samples of broilers. Vet Microbiol, 138, 339-344.
Dierikx C, van der Goot J, Fabri T, van Essen-Zandbergen A, Smith H, Mevius D, 2013. Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase- and AmpC-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Dutch broilers and broiler farmers. J Antimicrob Chemother, 68, 60-67.
Doregiraee F, Alebouyeh M, Fasaei BN, Charkhkar S, Tajeddin E, Zali MR, 2018. Changes in antimicrobial resistance pattern and dominance of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes among faecal Escherichia coli isolates from broilers and workers during two rearing periods. Ital J Anim Sci, 17, 815-824.
Edelstein M, Pimkin M, Palagin I, Edelstein I, Stratchounski L, 2003. Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Russian hospitals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 47, 3724-3732.
Gholipour A, Soleimani N, Shokri D, Mobasherizadeh S, Kardi M, Baradaran A, 2014. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase produced by Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in an educational hospital. Jundishapur J Microbiol, 7(10), e11758.
Hiroi M, Harada T, Kawamori F, Takahashi N, Kanda T, Sugiyama K, Masuda T, Yoshikawa Y, Ohashi N, 2011. A survey of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in farm animals and raw retail meat in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis, 64, 153-155.
Hiroi M, Yamazaki F, Harada T, Takahashi N, Iida N, Noda Y, Yagi M, Nishio T, Kanda T, Kawamori F, Sugiyama K, Masuda T, Hara-Kudo Y, Ohashi N, 2012. Prevalence of extendedspectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in food-producing animals. J Vet Med Sci, 74, 189-195.
Jafari RA, Motamedi H, Maleki E, Ghanbarpour R, Mayahi M, 2016. Phylogenetic typing and detection of extendedspectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens in Ahvaz, Iran. Vet Res Forum, 7(3), 227-233.
Khoshbakht R, Seifi S, Raeisi M, 2016. Antibiotic susceptibility and high prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escheichia coli in Iranian broilers. Revue Med Vet, 167, 5-6,133-137.
Laube H, Friese A, von Salviati C, Guerra B, Kasbohrer A, Kreienbrock L, Roesler U, 2013. Longitudinal monitoring of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli at German broiler chicken fattening farms. Appl Environ Microbiol, 79, 4815-4820.
Li L, Jiang ZG, Xia LN, Shen JZ, Dai L, Wang Y, Huang SY, Wu CM, 2010. Characterization of antimicrobial resistance and molecular determinants of beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in China during 1970-2007. Vet Microbiol, 144, 505-510.
Li L, Wang B, Feng S, Li J, Wu C, Wang Y, Ruan X, Zeng M, 2014. Prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta- lactamase and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Anhui province, China. PLoS One, 9, e104356.
Mabilat C, Courvalin P, 1990. Development of "oligotyping" for characterization and molecular epidemiology of TEM beta-lactamases in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 34, 2210-2216.
Norozi B, Farahani A, Mohajeri P, Rostami Z, 2014. Distribution of ESBL-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli and carriage of selected β-lactamase genes in hospital and community isolates in west of Iran. Ann Trop Med Public Health, 7(5), 219.
Olowe OA, Adewumi O, Odewale G, Ojurongbe O, Adefioye OJ, 2015. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterisation of Extended- Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Obtained from Animal Fecal Samples in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. J Environ Public Health, 2015, 497980.
Pitout JD, Laupland KB, 2008. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- producing Enterobacteriaceae: an emerging publichealth concern. Lancet Infect Dis, 8, 159-166.
Ramazanzadeh R, Chitsaz M, Bahmani N, 2009. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta- lactamase-producing bacteria in intensive care unites of Sanandaj general hospitals (Iran). Chemother, 55(4), 287- 292.
Randall LP, Clouting C, Horton RA, Coldham NG, Wu G, Clifton- Hadley FA, Davies RH, Teale CJ, 2011. Prevalence of Escherichia coli carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (CTX-M and TEM-52) from broiler chickens and turkeys in Great Britain between 2006 and 2009. J Antimicrob Chemother, 66, 86-95.
Rayamajhi N, Kang SG, Lee DY, Kang ML, Lee SI, Park KY, Lee HS, Yoo HS, 2008. Characterization of TEM-, SHV- and AmpC-type beta-lactamases from cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from swine. Int J Food Microbiol, 124, 183-187.
Riffon R, Sayasith K, Khalil H, Dubreuil P, Drolet M, Lagace J, 2001. Development of a rapid and sensitive test for identification of major pathogens in bovine mastitis by PCR. J Clin Microbiol, 39, 2584-2589.
Smet A, Martel A, Persoons D, Dewulf J, Heyndrickx M, Catry B, Herman L, Haesebrouck F, Butaye P, 2008. Diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and class C beta-lactamases among cloacal Escherichia coli isolates in Belgian broiler farms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 52, 1238- 1243.
Snow LC, Warner RG, Cheney T, Wearing H, Stokes M, Harris K, Teale CJ, Coldham NG, 2012. Risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli (CTX-M) on dairy farms in North West England and North Wales. Prev Vet Med, 106, 225-234.
Steward CD, Rasheed JK, Hubert SK, Biddle JW, Raney PM, Anderson GJ, Williams PP, Brittain KL, Oliver A, McGowan JE Jr, Tenover FC, 2001. Characterization of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from 19 laboratories using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards extended- spectrum beta-lactamase detection methods. J Clin Microbiol, 39, 2864-2872.
Sun Y, Zeng Z, Chen S, Ma J, He L, Liu Y, Deng Y, Lei T, Zhao J, Liu JH, 2010. High prevalence of bla(CTX-M) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolates from pets and emergence of CTX-M-64 in China. Clin Microbiol Infect, 16, 1475-1481.
Ünal N, Karagöz A, Aşkar Ş, Dílík Z, Yurterí B, 2017. Extended- spectrum β-lactamases among cloacal Escherichia coli isolates in healthy broilers in Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 41, 72-76.
Witte W, 1998. Medical consequences of antibiotic use in agriculture. Science, 279, 996-997.