Çağlar OKULMUŞ, Hulusi AKÇAY, Necdet İlker İÇİL, Özhan TÜRKYILMAZ, Bahattin KOÇER

Isı stresindeki süt ineklerinde farklı partikül boyutlu rasyonlar ve canlı maya katkısının enerji profiline etkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, heat stresi şartlarında süt sığırlarının rasyonlarına farklı yem parçacık büyüklüğü ve canlı maya kültürü (CMK) ilavesinin metabolik enerji dengesi ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmada birden fazla doğum yapmış orta laktasyonda dört adet Holstein-Fresiean süt sığırı (600 ± 25 kg CA) kullanıldı. Sığırlar 2 farklı dozda LY katkısı (0 ve 1 g/gün/süt sığırı) ve 2 farklı parça büyüklüğünde hazırlanan rasyonla beslendi. Deneme 2x2 faktoriyel düzlemde 4x4 latin kare deseninde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma boyunca sıcaklık nem indeksi (SNİ) ortalamaları 76’ nın üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada rasyona CMK katkısının canlı ağırlık (CA) değişimi ve yem tüketimine etkisi saptanmamıştır. Bununla birlikte rasyona CMK ilavesi ile süt sığırlarında esterleşmemiş yağ asidi (NEFA), beta hidroksi bütirik asit (BHBA) ve glukoz düzeyinin önemli derecede düştüğü, üre düzeyinin ise yükseldiği gözlemlenmiştir (P<0.05). Rasyonda parça büyüklüğünün düşürülmesi ile sıcak stresi altındaki süt sığırlarında kuru madde (KM), organik madde (OM) ve nötral detergent fiber (NDF) tüketiminin arttığı, non fiber carbonhydrate (NFC) tüketiminin ise etkilenmediği belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak rasyonda parça büyüklüğünün düşmesi ile süt sığırlarında serumda NEFA ve BHBA’nın önemli derecede düştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen veriler göz önüne alındığında, ısı stresi altındaki süt sığırlarında rasyon parça boyutunun küçültülmesi ve CMK ilavesinin metabolik enerji dengesini iyileştirdiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Süt sığırı, canlı maya kültürü, enerji dengesi, parçacık boyutu, sıcak stresi

The effect of different particle sized rations and live yeast supplementation on energy profile in dairy cows in heat stress

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of adding different sized feed particles and live yeast culture (LY) to the rations of dairy cattle on their metabolic energy balance and some blood parameters under heat stress conditions. In this study, four Holstein-Fresiean dairy cattle (600 ± 25 kg of BW) in the middle of the lactation, which gave multiple births, were used. The cattle were fed with diets containing 2 different doses of LY additives (0 and 1 g/day/dairy cattle) in 2 different particle sizes (High particle size (HPS) and Short particle size (SPS)). The experiment was carried out in 2x2 factorial plane and 4x4 latin square pattern. During the study, it was determined that the averages of the temperature humidity index (THI) were above 76. In the present study, the effect of LY supplementation on the live weight (BW) change and on feed consumption was not determined. However, it was observed that the non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and glucose levels of dairy cattle decreased significantly, while the urea level increased with the supplementation of LY to the ration (P <0.05). It was determined that the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) consumption of dairy cattle under heat stress increased by decreasing the particle size in the ration, while the consumption of non fiber carbonhydrate (NFC) was not affected. In addition, it was observed that NEFA and BHBA in the sera of dairy cattles decreased significantly with the decrease in the particle size in the ration. Considering the data obtained from the present study, it can be said that reducing the particle size and supplementing of LY in the rations of dairy cattle under heat stress ameliorate the metabolic energy balance.

Keywords:

Dairy cattle, energy balance, heat stress, live yeast, particle size,

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