Kayseri ilinde satışa sunulan çiğ köftelerde Enterobacteriaceae gurubu bakterilerin Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157:H7 varlığının araştırılması

Bu çalışmada, Kayseri ilinde beş farklı perakende satış noktasından iki haftalık periyodik aralıklar ile toplanan 100 adet çiğ köfte numunesinde Escherichia coli 0157:H7 (E. coli 0157:H7) serotipi ve diğer Enterobactericiae grubu bakteriler yönünden incelendi. Bu amaçla, tamponlanmış peptonlu suda (TPS) ön zenginleştirme işlemine tabi tutulan numunelerinden 4-methylumbelliferyl-b-D-glucuronide (MUG) içeren Lauryl Sulphate Tryptose Broth (LSTB)'a ekimler yapıldı ve tüm çiğ köfte numunesinde üreme tespit edildi. En muhtemel sayı yöntemine (EMS) göre yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda numunelerin hepsinde koliform mikroorganizma bulunduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, bu 100 adet çiğ köfte numunesinin 70'inde fekal E. coli tespit edildi. Lauryl Sulphate Tryptose Broth besiyerinde üreyen şüpheli kültürler E. coli 0157:H7 izolasyonu için Sorbitol MacConkey Agar (SMCA)'a ekildi. Sorbitol MacConkey Agar'da üreyen renksiz kolonilere yapılan biyokimyasal testler ile lateks agglütinasyon testi sonucunda çiğ köfte numunelerinde E coli 0157:H7 tespit edilemedi. Sorbitol negatif kolonilere uygulanan biyokimyasal testler sonucunda çiğ köfte numunesinin sırasıyla; 10 (%10), 5 (%5), 9 (%9), 6 (%6) ve 5 (%5)'unda Proteus miribalis (P. miribalis), Proteus vulgaris {P. vulgaris), Serriata rubidea (S. rubidea), Hafnia alvei (H. alvei) ve Morganella morganii (M. morganii) ile kontamine olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak incelenen çiğ köfte numunelerinin hiçbirinden E coli 0157:H7 serotipi izole edilememesine karşın, numunelerin koliform bakteri ve fekal E coli mikroorganizmalarla kontamine olduğu tespit edildi. Bu mikroorganizmalarla kontaminasyon düzeylerinin Türk Gıda Kodeksi Et ve Et Ürünleri Tebliği'nde bildirilen düzeylerin üzerinde olduğu ve tüketici sağlığı açısından risk oluşturabileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Research of the existence of enterobacteriacea group bacteria enterohemorrhagic Esherichia coli 0157: H7 in raw meat balls sold in Kayseri province

In this study, the presence of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 (E coli 0157:H7) serotype and other enterobactericeae in 100 raw meat ball samples periodically collected from 5 different retail outlets in Kayseri were analysed. For this purpose, samples were subjected to preenrichment process in peptone water (TPS) which were then inoculated into Lauryl Sulphate Tryptose Broth (LSTB) with 4-methylumbelliferyl-b-D-glucuronide (MUG) for most probable number (MPN) technique.. Coliform bacteria were determined in all raw meat ball samples according to the MPN evaluation. Furthermore, 70 of 100 raw meat ball samples found to be contaminated with fecal E coli. Suspect cultures grown on LSTB+MUG were transferred to Sorbitol MacConkey Agar (SMCA) for E coli 0157:H7 isolation. The colorless colonies grown on SMCA were tested biochemically and with latex aglutination test and no E coli 0157:H7 was detected in any samples. Biochemical tests applied to sorbitol negative colonies revealed that, 10 (10%), 5 (5%), 9 (9%), 6 (6%), and 5(5%) of samples were contaminated with, Proteus miribalis (P. miribalis), Proteus vulgaris {P. vulgaris), Serriata rubidea (S. rubidea), Hafnia alvei (H. alvei) and Morganella morganii (M. morganii) respectively. As a result, the raw meat ball samples were found to be contaminated with coliform bacteria and fecal E coli whereas no E coli 0157:H7 serotype was detected in any of the samples studied. Contamination rates were above the limits stated by Turkish Food Codex for meat and meat products. Therefore it was concluded that raw meat balls sold at retail in Kayseri constitute an important risk factor for public health.

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