Güney kore örgüt kültürü: konfüçyanizm’in etkileri açısından bir değerlendirme

Kore tarihinde Konfüçyanizm’in Kore kültürüne, toplumsal yaşama ve örgüt kültürüne önemli etkileri vardır. Ayrıca Kore’ye özgü politik ortamdan gelen sosyal durum da örgüt kültürü üzerinde rol oynar. Kore, dünyadaki en toplulukçu davranışçı toplumlardan birisidir. Kore’de “şabol (chaebol)”ler, halen kurucuları tarafından yönetilen ve kontrol edilen büyük işletmeler olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Konfüçyan değerlerin oldukça fazla etkilediği ve şekillendirdiği Kore örgüt kültüründe paradoksal özellikler bulunmaktadır. Grup içinde birlik-beraberlik bağları sağlamlaştırılırken, grup dışına karşı daha rekabetçi bir ortam vardır. Bu çalışmada, Kore örgüt kültürünün kökenleri, analizi, yapısı ve işleyişi konuları ve bunların üzerinde Konfüçyanizmin etkileri incelenmiştir

South korean organizational culture: an evaluation in the effects of confucianism

In Korean history, Confucianism has major effects on Korean culture, social life and organizational culture. Additionally, social situation, specific to Korea, also plays a role in organizational culture as a result of the political environment. Korea is one of the most collectivist societies in the world. Korean chaebols are large business organizations those were still managed and controlled by their founders as a distinct figure. Korean organizational culture that had been influenced by Confucian values has some paradoxical features. While increasing in-group unity and association with strong ties, there is a competitive environment for the out-group. This study aims to evaluate the basis of Korean organizational culture, to analyze its construct and understand its operational tasks and impacts of Confucian

___

  • BLACKBURN, Simon; (1994), The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 418s. CASTELLS, Manuel; (2005), Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi, Çev: Ebru Kılıç, Birinci Cilt, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 1.Baskı, İstanbul, 714s.
  • CHANG, Chan Sup ve Nahn Joo CHANG; (1994), The Korean Management System: Cultural, Political, Economic Foundations, Quorum Books, Westport, CT, 204s.
  • CHEN, Min; (1995), Asian Management Systems, Routledge, London, 288s.
  • CHO, Yung-Ho ve Jeongkoo YOON; (2001), “The Origin and Function of Dynamic Collectivism: An Analysis of Korean Corporate Culture”, Asia Pacific Business Review, Volume 7, ss.70-88.
  • CHOI, Du Sig; Paul MITCHELL ve Dayananda PALIHAWADANA; (2008), “Exploring the Components of Success for the Korean Chaebols”, Journal of Business&Industrial Marketing, 23/5, ss.311-322.
  • CHOW, Irene Hau-Siu; (2005), “High Performance Work Systems in Asian Companies”, Thunderbird International Business Review, 47(5), ss. 575-599.
  • CLEARY, Thomas; (1997), Konfüçyüs Düşüncesinin Temelleri (The Essential Confucius), Çev. Sibel Özbudun, Anahtar Kitaplar Yayınevi, İstanbul, 192s.
  • CONNOR, Mary E.; (2009), “Korea and Confucianism”, İnternet Adresi: http://sss. cuesta .com/pdf /Korea_and_Confucianism.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:25.02.2009.
  • ÇEKİNMEZ, Vural; (2006), “Güney Kore İş Kültürü”, T.C.Başbakanlık Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığı İhracatı Geliştirme Etüd Merkezi, Çalışma Raporu, 34s.
  • ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, Inc.; (1986), Webster’s Third New International Dictionary, Volume I, Chicago: Encyclopaedia, Inc., 830s.
  • FANG, Tony; (2003), “A Critique of Hofstede’s Fifth National Culture Dimension”, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management,3(3), ss. 347-368.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis; (1995), Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity, Hamish Hamilton, London, 463s.
  • HALL, Edward T.; (2000), “Intercultural Communication: A Reader”, iç.L. A. SAMOVAR ve R. E. PORTER (Ed.), Context and Meaning, 9th edition, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co, 401s.
  • HOFSTEDE, Geert; (1980), Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-related Values, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 309s.
  • HOFSTEDE, Geert; (1991), Cultures and Organisations: Software of the Mind, McGraw-Hill, London, 436s.
  • KIM, Inhye; (2009), “Confucianism Shapes Korean Culture”, İnternet Adresi: www.heidrick.com(NR/rdonlyres/5B133704-932C- 4719B21C10891BA03747/0/HS_ ConfucianismKoreanCulture. pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 13.02.2009.
  • KIM, Tae-Yeol; Debra L. SHAPIRO; Karl AQUINO; Vivien K.G. LIM ve Rebecca J. BENNETT; (2008), “Workplace Offense and Victims’ Reaction: The Effects of Victim-Offender (Dis)similarity, Offense Type, and Cultural Differences”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, ss.425-433.
  • LEE, Jeong-Kyu; (2001), “Impact of Confucian Concepts of Feelings on Organizational Culture in Korean Higher Education”, Radical Pedagogy, 3(1), İnternet Adresi: http://radicalpedagogy.icaap.org/ content/issue3_1/ 06Lee.htm, Erişim Tarihi: 13.02.2009.
  • LUTHER, Hans Ulrich; (1984), Güney Kore Bir Model Olabilir Mi?, Çev. Erol Özbek, Belge Yayınları, 1.Baskı, İstanbul, 200s.
  • MORDEN, Tony ve David BOWLES; (1998), “Management in South Korea: A Review”, Management Decision, 36(5), ss. 316-330.
  • OH, Ingyu ve Hun-Joon PARK; (2001), “Shooting at a Moving Target: Four Theoretical Problems in Explaining the Dynamics of Chaebol”, Asia Pacific Business Review, 7, ss. 44-69.
  • PARK, Young-bum; (1992), “Wage-fixing Institutions in the Republic of Korea”, International Institute of Labour Studies, Working Paper, Cenevre, 51s.
  • PARK, Won-woo; (2001), “The Corparate Culture Change Campaigns in Korea: Lessons From Their Failures”, Asia Pacific Business Review, 7, ss. 89-110.
  • PARK, Hong Y.; Geon-Cheol SHIN ve Sung Hahn SUH; (2008), “Advantages and Shortcomings of Korean Chaebols”, International Business&Economics Research Journal, 7(1), ss. 57-66.
  • PUCIK, Vladimir ve Jun-Cheol LIM; (2001), “Transforming Human Resource Management in Korean Chaebol: A Case Study of Samsung”, Asia Pacific Business Review, 7(4), ss. 137-160.
  • REID, T.R.;(2006), Kapı Komşum Konfüçyüs (Confucius Lives Next Door), Çev.Sevcan Yılmaz, Aykırı Yayıncılık, İstanbul, 269s.
  • TRIANDIS, Harry C.; (1995), Individualism and Collectivism, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 280s.
  • THE CONFUCIAN ETHIC: A SYSTEM OF IDEAS IN KOREA, İnternet Adresi: http://www.koreasociety.org/download_document/392_bohs_5_ confucian_ethic.pdf.html, Erişim Tarihi: 13.02.2009.
  • TROMPENAARS, Fons; (1994), Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business, Chicago: Irwin Professional Publishing, 281s.
  • ZERENLER, Muammer ve Rıfat İRAZ; (2006), “Japon Yönetim Anlayışı ve Şirket Ağları (Keiretsu) Analizi”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Sayı 16, ss. 757-776.