Üreme çağındaki kadınlarda leiomiyosarkoma Hatice Kansu Çelik1, Burcu Kısa Karakaya1
Amaç: Uterin leiomyosarkomlar çok nadir tümörlerdendir. İleri yaş ve menapoz leiomyosarkomun potansiyel risk faktörleridir. Bu çalışmada, reprodüktif çağda leiomiyoma tanısı ile miyomektomi ya da histerektomi yapılan kadınlarda leiomiyosarkom insidansını saptamayı amaçladık Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Ocak 2013 ile 1 Ocak 2015 tarihleri arasında leiomyioma tanısı ile miyomektomi ya da histerektomi yapılan reprodüktif çağdaki kadınlar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Leomiyosarkom insidansı hesaplandı. Hastaların yaşı, semptomları, operatif ve patolojik bulguları analiz edildi. Bulgular: Bu periyotta reprodüktif yaşta toplam 919 kadın opere edildi. 4 tane (%0,04) nadir primer uterus sarkomu saptandı. Vaka 1 ve vaka 3; 40 yaşında,vaka 2; 36 yaşında ve vaka 4; 39 yaşındaydı. Anormal uterin kanama ve pelvik ağrı malign vakaların en önemli iki semptomuydu. 3 hastaya myomektomi cerrahisi yapılırken, geri kalan 1 hastaya histerektomi operasyonu uygulandı. Sonuç: Leiomiyomanin tedavi seçenekleri hakkında danışmanlık verildiği sırada, leiomiyoma farzedilen oluşumun çok az da olsa malign çıkabileceği hakkında tüm kadınlar bilgilendirilmelidir.
Leiomyosarcoma during reproductive period
Purpose: Uterine leiomyosarcomas are exytremely rare tumors. Increased age and postmenopausal status are the potential risk factors of leiomyosarcomas. We aimed to determine the incidence of uterine leiomyosarcoma in women during reproductive period who undergoing hysterectomy or myomectomy for presumed benign leiomyomas.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on women in reproductive age who had undergone myomectomy or hysterectomy due to presumed leiomyoma from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2015. The incidence of leiomyosarcoma was calculated. Patient ages, admitting symptoms, and operative and pathologic findings were analyzed.Results: A total of 919 women in reproductive age underwent surgeries in the period of the study. We found four cases (0.40%) of rare primary sarcomas of uterus. Case-1 and Case-3 were a 40-year old women, Case-2 was a 36-year-old women, and Case-4 was a 39-year-old woman. Abnormal uterine bleeding and pelvic pain were the two symptoms in our malignant cases. 3 of the women underwent myomectomy procedure while one patient had hysterectomy.Conclusion: All women should be informed about quite minimal but potential possibility of malignancy that is present for their presumed leiomyomas during the counseling about the treatment options of leiomyomas.
___
- 1. Theben JU, Schellong AR, Altgassen C, Kelling K, Schneider S, Grosse-Drieling D. Unexpected malignancies after laparoscopic-assisted supracervical hysterectomies (LASH): an analysis of 1,584 LASH cases. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013;287:455-62.
- 2. Wu TI, Yen TC, Lai CH. Clinical presentation and diagnosis of uterine sarcoma, including imaging. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2011;25:681-9.
- 3. Brooks SE, Zhan M, Cote T, Baquet CR. Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis of 2677 cases of uterine sarcoma 1989-1999. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;93:204-8.
- 4. Mourits MJ, De Vries EG, Willemse PH et al. Tamoxifen treatment and gynecologic side effects: a review. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;97:855-66.
- 5. Fang Z, Matsumoto S, Ae K, Kawaguchi N, Yoshikawa H, Ueda T et al. Postradiation soft tissue sarcoma: a multiinstitutional analysis of 14 cases in Japan. J Orthop Sci. 2004;9:242-6.
- 6. Norris HJ, Taylor HB. Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. a clinical and pathological study of 53 endometrial stromal tumors. Cancer. 1966;19:755-66.
- 7. Parker WH, Fu YS, Berek JS. Uterine sarcoma in patients operated on for presumed leiomyoma and rapidly growing leiomyoma. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;83:414-8.
- 8. Paul PG, Rengaraj V, Das T, Garg R, Thomas M, Khurd AS. Uterine sarcomas in patients undergoing surgery for presumed leiomyomas: 10 years' experience. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2016;23:384-9.
- 9. Chern JY, Boyd LR, Blank SV Uterine sarcomas: the
latest approaches for these rare but potentially deadly tumors. Oncology (Williston Park). 2017;31:229-36.
- 10. Durnali A, Tokluoğlu S, Özdemir N, Inanç M, Alkiş N, Zengin N et al. Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes in 93 patients with uterine sarcoma from 4 centers in Turkey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:1935-41.
- 11. Kim JA, Lee MS, Choi JS. Sonographic findings of uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma. Korean J Radiol. 2006;7:281-6.
- 12. Wang WL, Soslow R, Hensley M, Asad H, Zannoni GF, de Nictolis M et al. Histopathologic prognostic factors in stage I leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a detailed analysis of 27 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35:522-9.
- 13. Park GE, Rha SE, Oh SN, Lee A, Lee KH, Kim MR. Ultrasonographic findings of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus with a focus on cystic degeneration. Ultrasonography. 2016;35:124-30.
- 14. Skorstad M, Kent A, Lieng M. Preoperative evaluation in women with uterine leiomyosarcoma. A nationwide cohort study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95:1228-34.
- 15. Durand-Réville M, Dufour P, Vinatier D, Martin de Lassalle E, Lucot JP, Monnier JC et al. Uterine leiomyosarcomas: a surprising pathology. Review of the literature. Six case reports. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1996;25:710-5.
- 16. Gaetke-Udager K, McLean K, Sciallis AP, Alves T, Maturen KE, Mervak BM et al. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, contrast-enhanced CT, and conventional MRI for differentiating leiomyoma from leiomyosarcoma. Acad Radiol. 2016;23:1290-7.
- 17. Barral M, Placé V, Dautry R, Bendavid S, Cornelis F, Foucher R et al. Magnetic resonance imaging features of uterine sarcoma and mimickers. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2017;42:1762-72.