Dilek CETIN, Ana FERNANDEZ-ZUBIETA, Fulvio MULATERO

Avrupa’da Erkek ve Kadın Girişimciliğinin Belirleyicisi Olarak Resmi ve Gayriresmi Sosyal Sermaye

Bu makalede, Avrupa’da girişimcilik üstüne resmi ve gayri resmi olarak ikiye ayrılan sosyal sermayenin etkisi incelenmektedir. Analiz, Avrupa ve Dünya Değerler Anketi kullanarak oluşturulmuş 27 Avrupa ülkesinin bütünleştirilmiş veri setine dayanmaktadır. Sosyal sermayenin resmi ve gayriresmi bileşenlerine göre farklılaşan önemli bir etkisi vardır. Erkekler, ücretli istihdama geçişte organizasyonlara dahil olarak resmi sosyal sermayeleri ile Avrupa’da bireylere açılan fırsatları değerlendirmektedirler. Kadınlar ise girişimci olabilmek için resmi sosyal sermayelerinin avantajını kullanmayı tercih etmektedirler. Güçlü bireyler arası ilişkiye dayanan gayriresmi sosyal sermaye girişimcilik faaliyetlerini kolaylaştırmaktadır.

Formal and Informal Social Capital as Determinants of Male and Female Entrepreneurship in Europe

This article analyses the effect of social capital on entrepreneurship in Europe, distinguishing between formal and informal social capital. The analysis is based on an integrated dataset on 27 European countries from the European and World Values Surveys. Social capital has a significant impact on entrepreneurship that differs according to its formal and informal components. Men use the opportunities opened up to individuals in Europe by formal social capital through involvement in organisations to access wage employment. Women tend instead to take advantage of formal social capital to turn to entrepreneurship. Informal social capital, through strong interpersonal relationships, facilitates entrepreneurial activity

Keywords:

Entrepreneurship, Female Employment Self-Employment, Social Capital, Europe,

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