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Broiler Damızlık Sürüsünde Yumurta Ağırlığının Yumurta Kabuk Kalınlığı, Por Yoğunluğu ve Civciv Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Bu araştırmada broiler damızlık sürüsünde yumurta ağırlığının kabuk kalınlığı, por yoğunluğu ve civciv kalitesi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, incelenen özellikler arasında korelasyonlar hesaplanmıştır. Yumurtalar 40 haftalık yaştaki Ross 308 broiler damızlık sürüsünden elde edilmiştir. Yumurtalar tartılarak hafif ağırlık (54.71-58.88 g) ve orta ağırlık (58.24-60.62g) grubu olarak ayrılmış ve bireysel olarak numaralandırılmıştır. Yumurtalar 37.5°C sıcaklık ve 55% nispi nemde 18. gün süresince kuluçkalandırılmıştır. Yumurta ağırlık kaybını hesaplamak için kuluçkanın 18. gününde bireysel olarak tartılmıştır. Daha sonra yumurtalar çıkışa kadar 37.0°C sıcaklık ve 60% nispi nemde çıkım makinasında kuluçkalandırılmıştır. Çıkışta civcivler bireysel olarak tartılmış ve civciv uzunlukları ölçülmüştür. Buna ilave olarak kabuk kalınlığı ve por sayısı belirlenmiştir. Her iki grup arasındaki yumurta ağırlık kaybı önemli bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Yumurta ağırlığının kabuk kalınlığı üzerine etkisi önemlidir (P<0.05). Hafif ağırlıktaki yumurtalarda kabuk kalınlığı orta ağırlıktaki yumurtalardan daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.01) bununla birlikte, por yoğunluğu orta ağırlıktaki yumurtalarda daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir (P<0.01). Çıkışta yumurta ağırlığı arttıkça civciv ağırlığıda artmıştır (P<0.05), diğer yandan civciv uzunluğu yumurta ağırlığından etkilenmemiştir. Orta ağırlıktaki yumurtalarda başlangıç yumurta ağırlığı ile ortalama yumurta kabuk kalınlığı (r =0.551), civciv ağırlığı (r=0.615) ve ayrıca ortalama yumurta kabuk kalınlığı ile civciv ağırlığı (r=0.484) arasında pozitif korelasyonlar saptanmıştır (P<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kabuk kalınlığı, por yoğunluğu, yumurta ağırlık kaybı, civciv kalitesi

Effect of Egg Weight on Eggshell Thickness, Pore Density and Chick Quality in Broiler Breeder Flock

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of egg weight on eggshell thickness, pore density and chick quality in broiler breeder flock. Additionally the correlations between the studied characteristics were calculated. Hatching eggs were collected from 40 wk old Ross 308 broiler breeder flock. The eggs were selected, weighed and numbered individually in light (54.71-58.88 g) and medium (58.24-60.62g) weighed egg groups. Eggs were incubated at 37.5°C and 55% RH in an incubator for 18 days. On 18th day eggs were individually weighed to calculate the egg mass loss. Then eggs were incubated at 37.0°C and 60% RH in a hatcher until hatch. At hatch chicks were weighed individually and chick length was measured. Additionally egg shell thickness and pore density was determined. Egg weight loss was found non-significant in both light and medium weighed egg groups (P>0.05). Egg weight had significant effect on eggshell thickness (P<0.05). Eggshell thickness was found higher in light weighed eggs than in medium weighed eggs (P <0.05) whereas, pore density was determined higher in medium weighed eggs (P<0.01). At hatch chick weight increased with the increased egg weight (P <0.05) while as chick length was not affected by egg weight. A significant correlations was observed between initial egg weight and average eggshell thickness (r= 0.551), chick weight (r=0.615), and also between average eggshell thickness and chick weight (r=0.484) in medium weighed eggs (P<0.05).

Keywords:

Egg weight, Eggshell thickness, Pore density, Egg weight loss, Chick quality,

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