Didem ASLAN, Bülent ORDU, Nusret ZENCİRCİ

Siyez Buğdayı (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) Çimlenme Döneminde Soğuğa Ekmeklik Buğdaydan (Triticum aestivum L.) Daha İyi Dayanmaktadır

On iki ekmeklik buğday çeşidi ve 10 siyez buğday populasyonunun yedi soğuk düzeyindeki çimlenme hızı (ÇH), çimlenme gücü (ÇG), koleoptil uzunluğu (KU), çim boyu (ÇB), kök boyu (KB) çim kök uzunluğu oranı (ÇKUO), kök yaş ağırlığı (KYA), kök kuru ağırlığı (KKA) ve kök yaş kuru ağırlık oranı (KYKAO) üç tekerrürlü faktöriyel düzenlenmiş tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmadaki çalışma materyali; yedi soğuk düzeyinde önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. Yirmi ekmeklik buğday genotipi ÇH, KU ve KKA bakımından çok önemli; KB ve ÇB bakımından önemli; ÇG, ÇKBO ve KKA bakımından da önemsiz farklılıklar sergilemişlerdir. Hesaplanan Pearson doğrusal korelasyon katsayıları KU-ÇU, KU-KYA ve KKA-KYA arasında çok önemli iken ÇH-KYKAO, ÇG-KYKAO, KU-KYKAO, ÇU-KYKAO, KU-KYKAO, ÇKUO-KYKAO, KYA-KYKAO ve KKA-KYKAO arasında önemsiz bulunmuşlardır. Benzer şekilde, Spearman korelasyon katsayıları, soğuk stresi altında ÇH-ÇG, ÇH-KU, ÇH-ÇU, ÇH-KU, ÇH-KYA, ÇH-KKA, ÇG-KU, ÇG-ÇU, ÇG-KU, ÇG-KYA, ÇG-KKA, KU-ÇU, KU-KB, KU-ÇKUO, KU-KYA, KU-KKA, ÇU-KB, ÇU-ÇKUO, ÇU-KYA, ÇU-KYKAO, KU-SKUR, KU-KYA, KB-KKA, ÇKUO-KYA, ÇKUO-KKA ve ÇKUO-KYKAO arasında yüksek olumlu ilişki göstermişlerdir. Öte yandan, AB1’deki ÇB (0.156), KB (0.156), KKA ((0.156)’lar önemsiz iken AB2’deki KYKAO (0.99) ile AB3’deki ÇH (-0.342)’lar önemli bulunmuştur. İlk üçte yeralan AB’lerin birikimli varyansı %87.58 olmuş ve ortalama temelli öbekağacı siyez ve ekmeklik buğdaylarını iki ana gruba ayırmıştır. Sonuç olarak; yüksek bölgelerden toplanan kavuzlu siyez buğday populasyonlarının çimlenme dönemi soğuklarına karşı uygun gen kaynakları olabilecekleri ve soğuk dayanımı için çalışan buğday ıslah programları tarafından kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çimlenme dönemleri, ekmeklik buğday, siyez

Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) Tolerates Cold Stress Better than Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Germination

Twelve bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and ten einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum L.) populations were investigated for germination rate (GR-%), germination power (GP-%), coleoptile length (CL-cm), shoot length (SL-cm), root length (RL-cm), shoot/root length ratio (SRLR), root fresh weight (RFW-mg), root dry weight (RDW-mg), and root fresh /dry weight ratio (RFDWR) under seven different cold stress levels in a three replicate randomized complete block design with factorial restriction. Experimental materials, which were utilized in this research, showed significantly different responses under seven cold levels. From them, 20 bread wheat genotypes demonstrated higher significance for GR, RL, and RDW; significance for CL and SL; and non-significance for GP, SRLR, and RFW. Pearson linear correlation coefficients calculated were highly significant between RL-SL, RL-RFW, and RDW-RFW but not between GR-RFDWR, GP-RFDWR, CL-RFDWR, SL-RFDWR, RL-RFDWR, SRLR-RFDWR, RFW-RFDWR, and RDW-RFDWR. Similarly, Spearman correlation coefficients were highly positive between GR-GP, GR-CL, GR-SL, GR-RL, GR-RFW, GR-RDW, GP-CL, GP-SL, GP-RL, GP-RFW, GP-RDW, CL-SL, CL-RL, CL-SLRLR, CL-RFW, CL-RDW, SL-RL, SL-SLRLR, SL-FW, SL-RFDWR, RL-SRLR, RL-RFW, RL-RDW, SRLR-RFW, SRLR-RDW, and SRLR-RFDWR. On the other hand, PCs were not significant for SL (0.156), RL (0.156), and RDW (0.156) in PC 1; significant in PC2 for RFDWR (0.99); and significant in PC3 for GR (-0.342). Cumulative variance of first three PCs was 87.58% and the average dendogram for both bread and einkorn wheat entries produced two main groups. As a result, einkorn wheat populations from higher elevations seemed to provide good genetic resources for cold tolerance during germination stages. It is obvious that these characters easily can be used in any wheat breeding programs against cold stress conditions.

Keywords:

Bread wheat, cold stress, einkorn,

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