Dayanıklılık Sporcularında Egzersizin Neden Olduğu İmmün İşlev Bozuklukları Üzerine Beslenme Müdahalelerinin Etkileri

Dayanıklılık sporları, önemli ölçüde fizyolojik strese neden olmakta ve sporcularda immün sistemin zayıflamasına yol açabilmektedir. Özellikle uzun süreli ve orta-ağır şiddetteki egzersizleri izleyen süreçte, sporcunun enfeksiyonlara olan duyarlılığının arttığı bildirilmektedir. Son yıllarda sporcuların immün yeterliliklerini sağlayabilme ve hastalıklardan korunmaya yönelik beslenme stratejilerine olan ilgileri artmakla birlikte, mevcut kanıtlar sadece karbonhidratların uzun süreli egzersizler sırasında sıklıkla tüketilmesinin, immün yanıt üzerine olan olumlu etkilerini destekler niteliktedir. Sporcuların yeterli ve dengeli beslenmesinin immün işlevlerin korunmasında temel nokta olduğu da iyi bilinen bir gerçektir. Diğer besin ögeleri ve biyoaktif diyet bileşenlerinin dayanıklılık sporcularında egzersizin neden olduğu immün işlev bozukluklarının düzenlenmesi üzerine olan olası etkilerine ilişkin daha fazla sayıda çalışmaya gerek duyulmaktadır.

Effects of Nutritional Interventions on Exercise-Induced Immune Function Disturbances in Endurance Athletes

Endurance sports are important physiologic stress sources and can cause attenuation of the immune system. Especially during the period following long-term moderate/heavy exercise, it is reported that an athletes susceptibility to infections increases. Although athletes have become more interested in nutrition strategies to maintain immune system adequacy and to prevent diseases in the recent years, current evidence supports only the favorable effects of frequent consumption of carbohydrates during long term exercises on immune response. It is a well-known fact that an adequate and balanced diet is the key point in maintaining immune functions of an athlete. More studies are needed in order to show the possible effects of other nutrients and bioactive diet components on the maintenance exercise-induced immun function disturbances in endurance athletes.

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